الفهرس 
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Abstract
Several methods were proposed to identify parathyroid glands in
order to decrease the incidence of postoperative hypocalcaemia. Methylene
blue is certified by the US Food and Drug Administration. It can be used in
a variety of medical treatments. Parathyroid glands can absorb the stain
then regain their original yellow colour in three minutes. In comparison,
thyroid tissues took 15 minutes to return to normal, and fat and muscles
took over 25 minutes. The authors suggested that parathyroid glands can
absorb methylene blue faster than other tissues because they have a dense
lymphovascular pattern.
Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the safety and reliability of
the methylene blue spray technique in the identification of parathyroid
glands during thyroid operations.
This was a prospective study conducted on 110 patients diagnosed
with simple or toxic nodular goitre requiring surgery who were undergone
total thyroidectomy in the Surgical department Menoufia University
Hospital.
This study revealed the following results:
• The mean age was 48.17±6.41.
• Most of the studied cases were female (72.7%) while only 27% of
which were males.
• MNG was the most common pathology (54.5%) followed by PTC
(25.5%) and lastly solitary thyroid nodule which represented 20%.
All the studied cases were undergone operation for total thyroidectomy.
• The mean value of one day post-operative serum calcium, Post
operation 4 hours parathyroid hormone were 8.84±0.98 and
68.84±20.39 respectively.
• Most of cases the studied cases were positive following 5 minutes
after methylene blue spray (93.6) which indicated that could be used
as reliable tool for parathyroid gland identification.
• No recorded adverse events or allergic manifestations were recorded
to the methylene blue spray.
• Only 5% of the studied cases developed hypocalcaemia.
• Methylene blue has could detect parathyroid gland with moderate sensitivity and higher specificity and accuracy