الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis aims to study the structural and electrical properties of a group of glass consisting of vanadium pentaoxide, arsenic(III) oxide, and copper(II) oxide in a small percentage. Neodymium(III) oxide, which is one of the oxides of rare earth elements, was introduced instead of copper oxide (unconventional glass). The proportions of these oxides were subject to the following equation: 25% As2O3. 70% V2O3. (x-5)% CuO. x% Nd2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 5) The samples were prepared in porcelain extruders at a temperature between 900-1000°C. The annealing was at 200°C in electric ovens for approximately 24 hours. The initial examination was done by simply looking at the samples to ensure that they were glassy materials, and this was confirmed again using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology. These measurements showed that all samples have an amorphous structure as no sharp peaks were detected for all samples, and therefore there is no trace of crystal formation, only a broad hump was observed in all samples between 17-38 degrees. Also, the samples were tested using infrared (IR) technology in the range 400 to 4000 cm-1 to study the effect of the entry and increase of neodymium oxide at the expense of copper oxide and its role in the formation of different groups within the glass lattice. The measurements showed peaks at wave numbers ≤ 1600 cm-1 attributed to the vibration of the OH or H2O groups. Minute peaks appeared between (1450-1500 cm-1) attributed to non-bridged oxygen ions -V-O. Thin shoulders appeared at (1103-510) cm-1) belongs to the symmetrical expansion vibrations of As2O3 units. Shoulders appeared at about 1010 cm-1 and medium and sharp peaks at 650 cm-1 and 860 cm-1 are assigned to the V=O and V-O-As expansion modes. Also, the peaks of Its height is about 408-470 cm-1 due to the vibrations of CuO-O bonds. Two subtle changes were discovered in the higher Nd samples. The first is attributed to the Nd-O vibration range, and appears at about 650 cm-1, and the second is at about 416 cm-1, which is Also related to Nd-O vibration.