الفهرس 
Gastrointestinal tract infectionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The microbiotas in the human intestine play an important function in
human health and disease. Gastrointestinal infections by food borne
pathogens are a main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Such
infections can be caused by contaminated foods or other sources .
Treatment of gastrointestinal pathogens by antibiotics reduces of
morbidity and mortality due to infection. However, antibiotics not only
affect the target pathogens, but also other members of the indigenous
micro biota, This can result in disturbance of the intestinal microbiota,
subsequently leading to intestinal problems such as Antibiotic-
Associated Diarrhea (AAD) .
In recent years, probiotics and prebiotics have been recommended
as alternative biotherapeutic agents against gastrointestinal pathogens,
e.g. Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Shigella, and prevent, treatment
(AAD).
Probiotics are nonpathogenic microorganisms have appositive
influence on the health or physiology of the host. They can influence
intestinal physiology either directly or indirectly through
modulation of the endogenous ecosystem or immune system.
”Prebiotic” means a substance that encourages existing microflora
to increase its population. Prebiotics differ somewhat from probiotics, in
that a prebiotic substance may consist of an enzyme, component, or
chemical extracted from a particular strain of bacteria, or from a
fermentation reaction involving bacteria.