الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Objectives: To investigated the physiological effects (hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolimic) of high dietary fiber tailored Balady bread from whole barley flour (WBF), at two replacement percentages 50% and 100%whole barley flour, on diabetes type 2 with associated cardiovascular risk hypercholesterolimia case. Hyperglycemia and Hypercholesterolemia were induced using streptozotocin STZ-induced diabetes and 1% cholesterol enriched diet in male rats as an experimental model. Then, randomly assigned to one normal control group (1), kept as a reference and four treated groups 2, 3, 4, 5: (2) positive control (diabetic+ mildly hypercholestorlimic) induced rats. Group (3) diabetic + hypercholesterolimic fed 100% whole wheat bread. While, groups (4) and (5) were diabetic and hypercholesterolimic fed bread treatments 50 and 100% whole Barley bread , respectively. As a daily supplement containing 6 grams beta-glucan/day. Blood samples were also collected on baseline, week 4 and week 8 for analysis of fasting levels of glucose, insulin, lipid profile. and Histopathological investigations.Methods & Results Diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight) given intraperitoneally in sodium citrate buffer at pH 4.5. hypercholesterolimia was induced feeding rats on 1% cholesterol enriched basal diet. Thirty five albino rats were divided into five groups of equal number and body weight: control (1) and STZ+ cholesterol treated (2, 3, 4, and 5). were total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, GSH. Dietary intakes, body weights were measured at baseline and 8 weeks.Feeding type 2-diabetic induced rats on 1% cholesterol significantly increased serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein and triglyceride and decreased serum high density lipoprotein. Furthermore, increased levels of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), Glutathione (GSH) were observed in the liver. Histopathological examination of liver showed accumulation of lipid droplets, lymphocytic infiltration, increased fibrous content, dilatation and congestion of portal vessels. Also, proliferation of bile ducts was observed, compared with the negative control. plasma metabolic data correlated well with reference plasma glucose and serum lipid measurements. in three sets of measurements (0, 4 and 8 weeks), it was appeared to represent glucose and fat boosted systems prior to barley β-glucan exposure, and these systems might prove more sensitive to β-glucan fiber exposure. Diabetic and Hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with barley bread showed significant decrease in lipid parameters, significant increase in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, improved liver enzymes, and improved histopathology of liver. In conclusion, barley bread rich with dietary fiber had protective effects against induced hyperlipidemia and improved histological alterations.Conclusion: dietary fiber content and biological capacity of hulless barley on diabetic mild hypercholesterolemic induced rats showed significant hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic power related to its beta glucan content which benefits in diabetes mellitus control and management