الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 151 |  |  |
| | | from | 151 | | |
المستخلص
The first description of acute respiratory distress syndrome appeared in 1967, when Ashbaugh and colleagues, described 12 patients with acute respiratory distress, cyanosis refractory to oxygen therapy, decreased lung compliance, and diffuse infiltrates evident on the chest radiograph. Initially this syndrome was called the adult respiratory distress syndrome, and now is termed the acute respiratory distress syndrome, since it does occur in children. In 1988 an expanded definition was developed by Murray et al., that quantified the physiologic respiratory impairment through the use of a four-point lung-injury scoring system which include (chest x ray, hypoxemia, PEEP, and respiratory system compliance). (Ware and Matthay, 2000).
In 1994, a new definition was recommended by the American–European Consensus Conference Committee. The conference developed defention of ”Acute lung injury”; as a condition envolving:
i- Impaired oxygenation (defined as a ratio of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) that is <300 regardless of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) used to provide respiratory support to the patient).
ii- Bilateral pulmonary infilterates on the frontal chest radiograph; and
iii- No clinical evidence of elevated left atrial pressure on the basis of chest radiograph and other clinical data.