الفهرس 
Literature ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Measurement, is a set of operations having the object of
determining a value of quantity. All measurement form part of
Metrology. To make ”accurate” measurements are usually
carried out using measuring machines or measuring
instruments. Measuring machines/ Measuring instruments
usually have inherent errors which affect their accuracy. Errors
are expected to affect the results of all measurements. A
comprehensive understanding of the behavior of error and its
influence on the accuracy of measurement has been one of the
major tasks of metrologist.
Surface metrology is the measurement of the deviations
of the workpiece from its nominal shape. It is taken to include
such features as deviations from roundness, straightness,
flatness and so on. It also includes the measurement of surface
texture. By convention, the term surface texture comprises two
component roughness and waviness. Surface roughness is
important to the function of many kinds of industrial products.
A better understanding of the types of error that affects the
accuracy of such measurement is highly needed to improve the
quality of products.
This research work is carried out to investigate the
causes of error associated with roughness measuring
instruments with the aim of improving the accuracy of these
instruments. It has been found that many techniques are
available for such measurement. Up till now, and for most
Engineering application contact stylus techniques is one of the
most widely used in industrial application. It was decided to
start investigating the error associated with this technique as a
first step towards opening the door on other techniques used in
surface metrology.