الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
El-Montaza canal takes its water from El-Mahmoudia canal which ori-ginates from the Rosseta branch of the River Nile. This canal used to be the main source of drinking water for El-Maamoura water treatment plant. During this study, it was planned to determine the possible point sources of pollution and their effects on the physical, chemical and bacteriologi oal characteristics of the water at different points. The findings reveal the following: 1. from the sanitary survey, the sources of gross pollution have been detected. These are: a) Domestic wastes from the illegal settlement of inhabitants living along the banks of El-Montaza canal from Abu Sliman village to Abu Sarha bridge. b) Animal wastes from barnyard located at station number(2). c) Refuse that are disposed of along the stretch of the canal. d) El-Melady drain carrying irrigation drainage water mixed with domes tic wastewater into the canal in front of Edfinqfood canning industry. e) The spar.adec pollution sources distributed intermittently along the canal such as dead animals, garbage and the domestic wastes produced from the human activity on the canal banks. 2. Twelve stations have been selected at strategic points and samples were collected regularly over a period of twelve months. These stations are: Station (1): At the beginning of the canal where it is branched from EI-Mahmoudia canal. It represents the cleanest stage of water comming into it. Station (2): Facing an animal barnyard at a distant of about 4 kms. from the pre vious locality. It was selected to represent the water quality char acteristics after the discharge of the animal wast~s. Station (3): At Abu Sarha bridge, about 4.5 kms. from station (1). Station (4): In front of Amonmacaroni company, about 5.5 kms. from station (1). Station (5): EI-Melady drain, about 7.5 kms. from station (1). It was chosen in order to investigate EI-Melady drain waste effects on the canal wat er characteristics. Station (6): In front of Edfina food canning company, about 200 mt. from the pre vious station. This station was selected to represent the effect of self-purification. Station (7): At EI-Eslahe, about 12 kms from’station (1). Station (8): The.intake of El-Maamoura water purification plant, about 1 km. from the previous station. Station (9): from the effluent of coagulation process of the water purification plant. Station (10): from the effluent of the circular sedimentation tanks. Station (11): from the effluent of the Degremont filters. Station (12): The final treated water of El-Maamoura water treatment plant. 3. Physical, chemical and bacteriological examinations have confirmed the findings of the sanitary survey, and the forementioned sources of pol lution. It was found that some of the parameters indicative of pollution, such as B.O.D., C.O.D., ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, chloride, sulphate, alk alinity and hardness incresed and reached maximum values at different sites of the canal. At station number(6), these parameters decreased as a result of natural self-purification. Most Probable Number of coli forms have increased from station{1) to (4). Maximum counts have been reported at station(5) ’as a result of the dis charge of El-Melady drain water which has high bacterial quality. 4. It was found that. changing the water intake of El-Maamoura W.P.P. from El-Montaza canal to the special pipe carrying water from El-Mahmoudia canal, improved its overall treatment efficiency. Several incidence of summer diseases outbraks has been reported during the usage of El-Montaza canal as water source for EI-Maamoura W.P.P. due to the high observed densities of bacterial concentration and this supported the need of chang-ing the intake.