الفهرس 
Introduction & Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction: The incidence of dementia rapidly increases over the age of 65 and there is evidence to suggest that although major depression decreases in prevalence within older populations, subclinical depressive syndromes are increasingly common. The two disorders occurring together have received recent attention, as possible mechanisms for their co-morbidity are sought to assist treatment strategies. No clear evidence has been found to explain this relationship, but many theories have been proposed. Aim of work: This work was designed aiming at (1) To study the overlapping of cognitive function impairment whether it is due to depression or dementia. (2) To explain the structural changes in the brain in both disorders are due to comorbidity or a complication of depression. (3) To reveal a relationship between depression and dementia. Depression can precede, be a risk factor for, or coexist as a part of the clinical presentation of dementia. Patients and methods: This study was carried out on a total sample of 74 subjects divided into: Dementia, Depression and Control group. It were subjected to the following investigations: Psychiatric history and examination sheet, Physical and neurological examination, Mini mental state examination, Clock drawing test, Clinical dementia rating scale, Hamilton rating scale for depression, and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain volumetric and spectroscopic. Results: Reduction of the volume of total, right and left hippocampus in both dementia group and depression group compared with control group. The reduction of the volume of total, right and left hippocampus was more in dementia than depression. The reduction of the volume of the left hippocampus was more significant in dementia than depression. While, the reduction of volume in right hippocampus did not reach significant level between dementia and depression. The positive correlation between, MMSE score and total hippocampus volume, left hippocampus volume, and right hippocampus volume in dementia group is confirmed in this study. The dementia group patients suffer from more cognitive impairment mainly, in orientation, registration, attention, concentration, recall and language when compared with either depression or control group. The depression group patients suffer from more cognitive impairment mainly, in recall, attention, executive function when compared with control group. Conclusions: Detection of reduction in N- acetyl asprtate (NAA) in the right and left hippocampus but right more significant, and increase choline (Cho) concentration in right and left hippocampus but more significant in left hippocampus. While (MI) concentration was decreased significantly in left and increased significantly in right at spectroscopy TE30 in dementia group when compared with control. Further functional and volumetric MRI studies and other depth studies are needed to assess other areas of the brain involved in dementia and depression like prefrontal area.