الفهرس 
Inrtroduction
FenugreekOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of the work was (SeedBorne Diseases Of Common Medicinal Plants In Egypt). The present studies were devoted to study the following objectives: Detecting and identifying the seedborne fungi of anise and fenugreek; Detecting, identifying and surveying for the seedborne rust fungus on anise seed samples; Studying the nature of isolated fungi and their effect on both anise and fenugreek plants; Elucidating the mode of transmission of some pathogenic fungi from seed to mature plant and Studying the effect of some selected antioxidants on seedborne fungi isolated from seeds of both plants. The results obtained can be summarized in the followings: Seed health testing: Standard blotter (SBM) and deep freezing (DFB) methods, as well as the proposed alkaline method (KOH or NaOH) were used to derermine the maximum number of seedborne fungi. A total of 21 genera and 35 species of fungi were isolated from anise seeds, while 22 genera and 35 fungal species were detected on fenugreek seeds. The alkaline method enhanced the recovery of deepseated fungi as well as slow growing seedborne ones beyond those obtained with SBM and DFB methods. This alkaline treatment reflected it?s effective on the control of saprophytes, which impair the detection of the colonized pathogenic fungi on seeds. Detection of Puccinia pimpinellae on anise seeds: Among 50 anise seed samples tested using direct inspection and washing methods, 26% of the seed lots were found infected with the rust fungus. Pathogenicity tests: The pathogenicity test of Alternaria radicina reflected the highest percentage of rotted anise seeds (86%) as compared to the check (12.5%). On the other hand, symptoms of dead seedlings caused by Alternaria radicina developed the highest infection percentage (14.5%). The pathogenicity test of fenugreek testified that F. oxysporum caused a high percentage of rotted seeds (29%) as compared to check (7.5%). On the other hand, symptoms of dead seedlings caused by F. equiseti, F. incarnatum and C. traversiana developed the almost highest infection percentages (11.5, 11.0, 11.25 and 10% respectively) as compared to check (0%). Transmission of certain pathogenic fungi from seed to mature plants: Generally, the transmission of the tested fungi was gradually decreased from root towards the upper portions of the plant but did not reach the other aerial parts of the plant. Spraying technique was used as an alternative method for studying the nature of A. radicina transmission on anise plant. The pathogen was able to infect plant leaves, stem and umbels causing black blight symptoms. The seedborne fungus (A. radicina) was successfully reisolated from seeds raised from artificially infected anise plants in addition to another 10 fungal species. Antioxidants for controlling of seedborne fungi in anise and fenugreek: Eleven selected antioxidants were tested in vitro against the target fungi to study their effect on the linear growth, sporulation and spore germination. The inhibitory effect of the tested antioxidants is directly proportional to their concentrations. Effect of the antioxidants on the viability of anise and fenugreek seeds: The effect of the antioxidants was tested in vitro (at concentrations of 2, 6 and 10mM) on the viability of fenugreek and anise seeds as well as the seedling growth. Soaking anise seeds in a 6 mM water solution of ascorbic acid , citric acid and thiourea presents an increase in the percentages of normal seedlings as compared to check treatment. In pot experiments, data indicated that citric acid was effective as it suppressed the dampingoff disease caused by F. equiseti, F. verticillioides and F. incarnatum in anise seeds. Ascorbic acid and thiourea came to the second order, with almost equal effects in suppression of dampingoff disease caused by F. equiseti. Ascorbic acid and thiourea testified almost an equal suppression to dampingoff disease incidence of fenugreek caused by Cercospora traversiana, while all used chemicals were equally in suppressing the symptoms caused by F. verticillioides.