الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current study proposed a new perspective and gave a more enlightened approach to the virus pathogenesis in naturally infected ducks. Twenty-five duck flocks exhibiting a clinical history of suspected waterfowl parvovirus (WFPV) infection were investigated based on the clinical picture, postmortem and histopathological examination, PCR detection, IHC, statistical analysis of risk factors affecting the frequency of macroscopic and microscopic features, and full genome sequencing.
In conclusion, variant GPV (NGPV) infection was proven among all duck breeds of different ages to have a critical role in the immunosuppression and locomotor dysfunction accompanying naturally NGPV-affected ducks, even with breeder vaccination. NGPV infection occurred in several duck breeds, with high severity in Pekin breed. Disease severity was dependent on a specific immune status rather than on age susceptibility. Based on full genome sequencing, Egyptian NGPVs are closely related to recent Chinese NGPV isolates, In recommendation, More inclusive work investigating virus evolution, epitope mutation, pathogenicity, and immunogenicity among several recently isolated and completely identified Egyptian NGPV strains is still under current research.
In conclusion, variant GPV (NGPV) infection was proven among all duck breeds of different ages to have a critical role in the immunosuppression and locomotor dysfunction accompanying naturally NGPV-affected ducks, even with breeder vaccination. NGPV infection occurred in several duck breeds, with high severity in Pekin breed. Disease severity was dependent on a specific immune status rather than on age susceptibility. Based on full genome sequencing, Egyptian NGPVs are closely related to recent Chinese NGPV isolates, In recommendation, More inclusive work investigating virus evolution, epitope mutation, pathogenicity, and immunogenicity among several recently isolated and completely identified Egyptian NGPV strains is still under current research.