الفهرس 
ENGLISH ABSTRACTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare in vitro the effect of tricalcium phosphate fluoride varnish, silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride varnishs in remineralization of enamel caries-like lesions in primary teeth.
The study included forty-eight extracted or exfoliated caries free primary teeth. Nail varnish was applied to teeth, leaving 4x4 mm squares of exposed enamel on the labial surfaces. Immersion in demineralizing solution for four days was used to induce caries like lesions. Then, teeth were divided randomly into four groups according to type of material used, group I (n=12): tricalcium phosphate fluoride varnish, group II (n=12): 38% silver diamine fluoride, group Ш (n=12) 5% sodium fluoride varnish and group IV (n=12) control, received no treatment. For 10 days, all groups were subjected to pH cycling model. Specimens were evaluated quantitatively using EDX through elemental analysis of (Ca), (P) and (Ca/P) at baseline, after demineralization and after pH cycling. Qualitative evaluation using SEM was done for specimens after pH cycling to conclude the micro morphological surface topography. Data were documented and statistically evaluated.
Tricalcium phosphate fluoride varnish group had significant difference in mean Ca, P and Ca/P before and after intervention within study groups, according to the EDX quantitative data. There was significant difference between TCPF, SDF and NaF varnish groups in mean Ca and P ion content after remineralization. TCPF group showed significantly the highest mean percent increase in mean Ca, P and Ca/P content after remineralization among the study groups.
Examination of surface topographical changes using SEM of TCPF group showed a superior and uniform re-establishment of surface integrity of enamel. An outstanding decrease in the porosities and surface irregularities was an important feature in this group. The regenerated crystals on the enamel surface formed a homogeneous and dense layer of mineralized tissue. The surface was smooth and uniform with microglobular deposits. Meanwhile, SDF varnish treated surfaces showed a relatively re-establishment of surface integrity of enamel. Decrease in surface irregularities and filling of some porosities were evident. The enamel surface was uniform, with shallow pittings and concavities. As well, NaF varnish treated surfaces demonstrated a relatively smooth and uniform enamel texture except for interspersed zones of elevations intermingled with apparent concave areas of variable depths. The roughened surface represents incomplete closure of the deep craters by microglobular deposits.
Tricalcium phosphate fluoride varnish appears to be as effective as SDF solution and NaF varnish in increasing Ca, P and Ca/P, according to the finding of this Investigation. Moreover, after remineralization, TCPF group demonstrated notable improvement in enamel surface topography.