الفهرس 
Bioassay for monitoring Insecticide Resistance in the cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The resistance levels of different insecticides were monitored by field strains of cotton leafworm in Menoufia governorate. In the two successive seasons of the 2021 season to the 2022 season, the resistance levels of resistance were determined in the fourth- instar). Eleven of the compounds represent the major v groups (organophosphates, carbamate, synthetic pyrethroids, Insect growth regulators and products with a different effect).
In addition, one technique has been selected for bioassay tests to determine the most accurate and reliable methods to be used to estimate or monitor pesticide resistance levels in field populations, given the importance of continuous monitoring of changes in field population sensitivity of pesticides used to reconcile effectiveness of strategies developed for pest control programs. Also in this part of the study, the following technique had been adopted. Briefly the susceptibility of the insecticide used in selection was assayed at the level of LC50 at each generation. The LC50 concentration of each insecticide was used as pressure dose for treating different successive generations. The limit LC50 was chosen to protect the population from stronger pressure and maintain the strains as long as possible.