الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that typically affects elderly causing pain and disability. Articular cartilage and underlying bone are damaged by the degenerative joint condition osteoarthritis (OA), Its multifactorial etiopathogenesis is characterised by subchondral bone remodelling, joint inflammation, osteophyte generation, and progressive loss of articular cartilage. Despite being a ”tear and wear” disease, complicated interactions between metabolic, genetic, biochemical, and mechanical elements are also crucial to the development of the illness.
The standard course of treatment includes NSAIDs, acetaminophen, physical exercise, weight management, and aquatic therapy. When these measures fail, total knee arthroplasty may be recommended.
After total knee replacement, there are various described approaches to treat postoperative pain. The current regional anaesthesia methods utilised following TKR concentrate on more peripheral, motor-sparing blocks to allow for early ambulation and high-quality pain control.