الفهرس 
Chapter 1: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
For the last couple of decades, tremendous research has been conducted in the
development of inexpensive, accurate, and reliable biomedical sensors capable of
measuring extremely low concentrations of analytes. Numerous sensors have been
created and manufactured to control and detect various diseases using several
technologies.
Among these technologies, photonic crystals (PhC) have become more popular
due to their promising characteristics, such as their ultra-compact size, minimal sample
requirement, excellent measurement sensitivity, flexibility in structural design, and
integration capability. Additionally, PhC can inherit excellent optical features, such as
safety in a flammable, explosive environment, immunity to electromagnetic interference,
long-range monitoring, and rapid response speed. Previous merits make PhC one of the
most attractive optical data processing platforms. Many types of PhC-based sensors are
presented, such as high-temperature sensors, gas sensors, force strain sensors,
displacement sensors, liquid sensors, and biomedical sensors.
This thesis addresses enhancing the performance of different biomedical sensors
based on 2D PhC. The proposed biomedical sensors are designed, simulated, and
evaluated. There are two kinds of sensors that can be designed and fabricated using PhC:
on-chip PhC technology and photonic crystal fiber (PCF) technology. The work in this
thesis can be divided into five main proposals. The First, second, and the fifth proposals
are based on the on-chip PhC technology, and the third and fourth proposed parts are
based on the PCF technology.
The First proposal presents a biomedical PhC on-chip-based sensor that can
detect and distinguish accurately between normal and abnormal brain tissues. The
abnormal ones consist of lesions, tumors, and cancerous tissues. The designed sensor
detects these types with acceptable sensitivity and high-quality factor compared with
other photonic-based detecting techniques. The proposed sensor exhibits the highest
sensitivity of 1332 nm/RIU, an ultra-high quality factor of 16254, and a very low-level
detection limit of 9.08×10-6.
The Second proposal presents a biomedical 2D PhC on-chip-based sensor that
can accurately diagnose and differentiate between regular and irregular types of