الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Fluid resuscitation is a critical aspect of septic shock management. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines recommend an initial fluid bolus of 30 mL/kg of intravenous crystalloids within the first hour of recognizing septic shock. studies have shown that excessive fluid administration can lead to interstitial edema, contributing to tissue ischemia and organ failure.
Extravascular lung water (EVLW) refers to water outside the blood vessels in the lungs and reflects pulmonary edema. Measurement of EVLW using transpulmonary thermodilution can estimate capillary permeability and volume overload in the lungs. Higher EVLW has been associated with increased mortality in septic shock patients.
Lung ultrasound is a non-invasive and easily repeatable method to assess lung condition in critically ill patients, including those with septic shock. It can detect B-lines, comet-tail artifacts indicating pulmonary edema. The presence of more than two B-lines, known as ”lung rockets,” serves as a diagnostic marker for interstitial lung syndrome. Lung ultrasound provides valuable information about the severity of pulmonary edema.
Pulse contour analysis with transpulmonary thermodilution used to determine EVLW index requires both a specialized arterial catheter and a central venous line. In the setting of limited resources, Ultrasound of the lung is a non-invasive and cost-effective technique can be used to assess a patient’s fluid status compared to pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCO).