الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Spinal anesthesia is the most consistent block for lower limb orthopedic surgeries as it provides excellent anesthesia, minimal cognitive dysfunction, and post-operative analgesia. Early and effective management of postoperative pain allows early mobilization of patient after orthopedics surgery thus preventing the associated co-morbiditiesDexamethasone has been used for numerous years by anesthesiologists to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. More recently, in orthopedic surgery, perioperative dexamethasone has been found to decrease the need for postoperative opioids and the length of hospitalization, without reported negative side effects. It has been shown that the duration of post-operative analgesia was prolonged when dexamethasone was given as an adjunct for peripheral nerve blocks. Here, in the current work we aimed to compare the effect of IV 8-mg versus placebo on the regression of hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia, defined as the time from bupivacaine injection to regression of 2 dermatomes in relation to the highest dermatome blocked by the spinal local anesthetic (LA).