الفهرس 
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Abstract
Equine herpes virus types 1 and 4 (EHV-1, EHV-4), Equine Arteritis virus (EAV), and Equine infectious Anemia virus (EIA) are viral causes responsible for significant economic losses in Equine due to abortion and neonatal mortality.In this study, 600 serum samples were collected from horses and donkeys from six Egyptian governorates, and 80 samples, including nasal swabs, vaginal swabs, and tissue samples (liver, lung, kidney, spleen, placenta of aborted fetuses, and neonatal dead foal) were collected from pure Arabian horses suffering from abortion during the period from 2018 to 2022.Indirect ELISA was used to detect antibodies against EHV-1, EHV-4, EAV, and EIA.All 80 tissue samples and swabs were inoculated on embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) via chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).The indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) on CAM was used to confirm the positive EHV-1 samples.Real-time PCR was used for further EHV-1.4 and EAV molecular detection.The gel-based PCR was used to amplify the gB gene of EHV-1 by using specific primers.By ELISA, our results revealed that 173 out of 600 samples were positive for EHV-1, and EHV-4 antibodies, with an overall percentage of 28.83%.For EAV, our results revealed that 16 out of 600 samples were positive for EVA antibodies, with an overall percentage of 2.67%.For EIA, there were no detectable antibodies.By CAM inoculation, after 5-6 days of incubation, twenty-two out of eighty processed samples were positive(27.5%)in the form of pin-head necrotic foci on CAM.By IFAT, yellowish-green fluorescent granules were found in positive EHV-1 samples.By Real-Time PCR, 80 tissue samples tested were negative for EAV, but five samples were positive for EHV-4, and five were positive for EHV-1, with one of them testing positive for both EHV-1,4 indicating natural co-infection incidence.By PCR, five samples were positive for EHV-1, sequence analysis of the amplified fragment of one of them; was designated (Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 C5 Egy22 glycoprotein B gene, partial cds), phylogenetic construction revealed 100% similarity with Gen Bank reference EHV-1 isolates.In conclusion, Our study revealed that EHV-1and EHV-4 one of the most important causes of abortion in Equine and the results of serosurveillance indicated the circulation of EHV-1, EHV-4 and EAV in horses and donkeys due to the latency of EHV-1 and EHV-4 and reactivation from time to time, or due to the horses movement and contacts with other potentially infected horses.Antibodies against EAV due to that percentage of infected horses become persistent infected carriers. . . Keywords:Arabian horses, Abortion, Egypt, EHV-1, EHV-4, EAV, EIA, ELISA, ECE, IFAT, PCR