الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis conducts a semiotic analysis of three Arabic translations of George Orwell’s 1984(1903-1950). The researcher conducts such analysis through selecting four semiotic signs, which are “ rats , the Party’s three slogans, darkness and the Golden Country”, out of Orwell’s 1984.The researcher employs the mechanism of Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA) to analyze the selected semiotic signswithin some selected passages and statements with the aim of demonstrating Orwell’s ironic perspectives and themes in 1984. Moreover, SF-MDAis considered to be an eclectic approach which is associated with discursive analysis regarding social semiotics. In addition, since the scope of this study is based on the notion that the source text (ST) is valid for translation into Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as a target text (TT), the researcher specifies only two semiotic signs, which are “rats and the Golden Country”, within two passagesto be compared in terms of three Arabic translations. Since English and MSA are different in their grammatical structures, Chesterman’s model (1997) conforms to the current thesis as it is associated with the grammatical translation strategies used across English (ST) and MSA (TT).The current study follows a qualitative-descriptive approach so as to literary and linguistically analyze ironical tendencies of the four semiotic signsusing SF-MDA approach and to discuss similarities and differences occurring for translating the two semiotic signs in the three Arabic translations.Data are collected from Orwell’s 1984 and three Arabic translations of it by three different translators: Enabhan, Tawfik and Eshamy.The findings in the current thesis show that in terms of Halliday’s SFG, the semiological imagery of the four signs are described according to some transitivity processes such as material, relational, behavioral, mental, and existential processes whereas in terms of Kress & Van Leeuwen’s MDA, the semiologaical imagery of the four signs are described according to narrative and conceptual processes to show Orwell’s ironic perspectives and themes. Furthermore, the study also shows that the translation processes included within the ST and the TTs from English to MSA generate some different grammatical structures regarding translating the two semiotic signs across the ST and TT mechanisms.The study concludes that the four selected semiotic signs of Orwell’s 1984are linguistically analyzed to show Orwell’s ironic perspectives using SF-MDA approach. Furthermore, the two semiotic signs are linguistically translated into MSA’s grammatical structure constraints through some strategies such as transposition, unit shift, cohesion change, level