الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Viruses are considered to be an important risk factors closely related to human breast cancer. The involvement of a retrovirus homologous to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in the pathogenesis of human breast cancer (BC) has long been assumed, but has never been proven. Germline mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most significant and well-characterized genetic risk factors for breast and/or ovarian cancer to date. The frequency and range of mutations in a specific ethnic population provides important factor in genetic counseling and cancer risk assessment. Aim of the work: To explore the frequency of MMTV-like sequences and BRCA genes mutations in familial and non- familial Egyptian breast cancer patients, to investigate the possible association between the infection by MMTV and BRCA genes mutations, and to assess the impact of other well-known risk factors in worsening outcome of breast cancer disease.