الفهرس 
Effect of Oral Habits on Orofacial Dysfunction and Oral Health Related Quality of Life among a group of Egyptian Children: Cohort study
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Abstract
Aim: This study aims to measure the orofacial dysfunction, Oral Health-Related Quality of
Life (OHRQoL), and psychological resilience, in a group of children aged from five to seven
years, practicing oral habit(s), and to compare their results to a matching group of children who
do not practice oral habit(s).
Methodology: Thirty Egyptian Children, aged from five to seven years, practicing oral
habit(s) (habit practicing group/ exposed group), were interviewed to fill the Child and Youth
Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R), translated to Arabic, to assess their psychological
resilience, and examined for orofacial dysfunction using Nordic Orofacial Test – Screen (NOTS). Their parents were asked to fill the Arabic version of the Parental-Caregiver Perception
Questionnaire-8 items (P-CPQ), as an assessment tool for their children’s OHRQoL. The scores
of the habit practicing group were compared to those obtained from another 30 children with
matched criteria who do not practice oral habits (habit free group/ control group).
Results: Children in the habit practicing group showed higher total NOT-S score (2.93 ±
0.94), higher P-CPQ (6.47 ± 3.79), and lower total psychological resilience (43.07 ± 4.47) than
the habit free group (0.63 ± 0.718, 4.17 ± 1.91, and 46.63 ± 4.60) with a statistical significance
(p= 0.0001, 0.004, and 0.003) respectively.
Conclusion: An association between orofacial dysfunction, OHRQoL, and low psychological
resilience level, and practicing oral habit(s) is suggested.