الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this framework, we tried to evaluate the effect of NCP/CHX on the viability and apoptosis of hDPSCs.
The NCP/CHX were prepared and characterized by Nano Gate Company, Cairo. Egypt to confirm their shape, size, and crystallinity phase.
Dental pulp tissue was collected and isolated from surgically extracted fully impacted immature “incomplete roots” 3rd molars from three young adult healthy patients 18-20 years old after written informed consent according to the guidelines of the ethics committee of our faculty at the maxillofacial surgery department of faculty of dentistry, Ain Shams University.
The received samples (teeth) were immersed in PBS and antibiotics and then transferred to Global labs, Cairo. Egypt.
For biocompatibility evaluation, hDPSCs were seeded with the tested compounds which were prepared in paste form at specific non-cytotoxic concentration. Also, cells were seeded with DMEM as a negative control group and another group of cells was seeded with odontogenic/osteogenic medium (OM) to simulate the physiologic clinical conditions.
Our results revealed that all three tested materials promoted cell viability of hDPSCs. Furthermore, NCP/CXH showed the statistically significant highest result amongst tested materials in both proliferation tests via Trypan blue and MTT assay. However, in the apoptotic test NCP/CHX and Ca(OH)2 showed a significant reduction in the rate of apoptosis when compared with CHX. Moreover, a marked reduction in the rate of necrosis was associated with hDPSCs cultured in NCP/CHX, when compared to cells grown in CHX as well as of Ca(OH)2.
Conclusion
Under the conditions and limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that:
1. On cell viability level:
• Both calcium phosphate nanoparticles loaded in 2% chlorohexidine and chlorohexidine as intracanal medicaments preserved the viability of hDPSCs for 72h.
• Using calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament reduced the viability of hDPSCs for 72h.
2. On apoptotic level:
• All used canal medicaments presented alive human dental pulp stem cells.
• Both calcium phosphate nanoparticles loaded in 2% chlorohexidine and calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments produced minimal hDPSCs apoptosis after 72h.
• Both calcium hydroxide and chlorohexidine as intracanal medicaments caused necrosis for hDPSCs after 72h.