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Abstract
Background: Sepsis, Severe sepsis and septic shock are important causes of morbidity and mortality among patients admitted to the Intensive Care Units. These conditions are generally associated with multiple organ failure as final outcome. Aim: The current study was conducted to explore the incidence and outcome of sepsis among critically ill patients at Cairo University Hospitals. Design: Descriptive exploratory research design was utilized in this study. Setting: The current study was carried out at Critical Care Department at Cairo University Hospitals. Sample: This study included 222 out of 728 patients admitted to general ICUs in Critical Care Department at Cairo University Hospitals throughout six months. Tools of data collection: Four tools were utilized in this study which are: Socio-demographic and medical data sheet, Patient assessment sheet, APACHI II scale and SOFA scale. Results: finding of the present study revealed that, (30.49%) of patients admitted to ICU during the study period developed sepsis, 29.7% of them developed sepsis only, 37% of them developed severe sepsis and 33.3% of them developed septic shock. In patients with sepsis only, mechanical ventilator was needed in (25.7%) of them, 30.3% of them needed inotropes, 6 % needed renal dialysis, 9% of them needed renal replacement therapy and 91% needed antibiotics. While, in patients with severe sepsis, mechanical ventilator was needed in (91.4%) of them, 90.2% of them needed inotropes, 90.2% needed antibiotics and 100 % of patients with septic shock needed mechanical ventilator, inotropes and antibiotics. The mean length of stay was 14.23±9.188 days for patients with sepsis only, 18.22±14.172 for patients with severe sepsis and 16.72±12.906 days for patients with septic shock. Septic shock patients have the highest mortality (86%). Conclusion: it can be concluded that, the incidence rate for sepsis were (30.49%). Recommendations: All patients admitted to intensive care units must be monitored closely to early detect signs of infection and establishment of protocols of care to prevent or decrease incidence of sepsis is highly recommended