الفهرس 
Resolution of pain related to infected primary molars after using rotary versusmanual systems in cleaning the root canals : a randomized clinical trial
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Abstract
One of the main objectives of pediatric dentistry is to preserve primary teeth suffering from
caries or trauma until their life cycle is completed. Early loss of these teeth can cause function,
esthetic, and phonetics problems. Controlling the infection inside the pulp space and elimination of necrotic tissues andmicroorganisms from the root canal system is the key factor in successful pulp therapy and
considered the corner stone for the treatment success. Barr et al., 2000 were the first to use Ni-Ti
rotary files for instrumentation of root canals in primary teeth, as they consume lesser time than
manual instrumentation. Singh and Kapoor, 2016 reported that rotary instruments could create a
smooth shape of root canals with minimal risk of ledging and transportation. Rotary files design and
high flexibility enable them to closely follow the original root canal path, especially in curved
canals.The aim of this study was clinical assessment of the resolution of chronic signs and symptoms
(pain, fistula, chronic abscess, mobility) related to infected primary molars after using rotary and
manual files in cleaning the root canals, and radiographic assessment of obturation quality of mesial
and distal canals at baseline.All children were selected randomly from the outpatient clinic of Pediatric DentistryDepartment, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. A randomized clinical trial was planned. Forty
non-vital lower primary molars were selected according to the predetermined inclusion criteria and
allocated into two groups. group A included twenty non-vital lower primary molars used rotary
files and group B included twenty non-vital lower primary molars used manual files in mechanical
debridement of infected root canals.Single visit pulpectomy was followed for treating these non-vital lower primary molars in bothgroups. The procedural steps were done according to UK national guidelines of pediatric dentistry2006. pulpectomy is considered clinically successful if complete resolution of pain, tenderness topercussion, sinus tract, gingival swelling, or abnormal grade of mobility during the 6 months