الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Globally breast cancer surgery is one of the most common surgeries among the female population nearly half of the patients suffer acute and chronic pain following the surgery. There are several risk factors; the most important risk factors is a high pain score in the early postoperative period (144). Persistent untreated pain may adversely affect various body systems including: endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, neurologic, and musculoskeletal systems and require aggressive treatment of pain as well as the resulting complications (145). |