الفهرس 
Structured Virtual- Reality Based Training versus Non-Virtual Reality Training in Basic Gynecological Laparoscopic Training
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Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic surgery requires a different and sometimes more complex skill set than does open surgery. Shortened working hours, less training times, and patient safety issues necessitates that these skills need to be acquired outside the operating room. Virtual reality (VR) simulation in laparoscopic surgery is a growing field, and many studies have been published to determine its effectiveness.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of VR simulator training in improving basic gynecological laparoscopic skills and assess training levels among Ob/Gyn residents.
Study design: The Non-Randomized cohort study compared the level of laparoscopic performance on Virtual reality simulator (Lapsim) and Pelvic trainers between two groups: First group (A): 10 Novice residents with limited or no previous laparoscopic experience after 8-month training program on Lapsim in addition to Pelvic trainers. Second group (B): 10 experts (Lecturers or assistant lecturers) with previous laparoscopic experience but without previous VR training program.
Results: On comparing results of assessment of pelvic trainer skills between the 2 groups -(group A versus group B)- after the 8-month training program for group A, there was Statistical significance in Camera navigation, Peg transfer, Cutting skills, Running stitiches, Surgical knot, Salpingectomy (P values 0.0004, 0.001, 0.02,0.0002, 0.0007, 0.003 Respectively). On VR Simulator (Lapsim), there was Statistical significance in Camera navigation, Peg transfer, Cutting skills, Running stitiches, Surgical knot, Salpingectomy (P values 0.001, 0.0005, 0.003, 0.0007, 0.0001, 0.0002 Respectively). Also There was significant improvement in Satisfaction level among group A (P value 0.005).
Conclusion: After training on Pelvic trainer followed by VR Simulator, there was significant improvement in laparoscopic skills among Residents (group A) compared to the non-trained group (group B). There was also significant improvement in Level of satisfaction and confidence To Do/assist in laparoscopic surgery