الفهرس 
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Abstract
MicroRNAs and other epigenetic events play critical roles in the development of multiple sclerosis.
Given what is known about the disease’s aetiology, a number of studies have looked for a wide range of biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS).
In order to catch up people at high risk for fast impairment accumulation and facilitate early diagnosis and proper illness phenotyping, there is an urgent need to develop biomarkers that would permit such.
Due to their great stability, cost-effective screening, and straightforward detection, circulating microRNAs are seen as prospective biomarkers for the diagnosis of MS illness.
Our research aimed to determine if miRNA-145 and miRNA-484 may be used as diagnostic biomarkers for MS and how they relate to disease activity, progression, and disability.
Patients in the case control study were diagnosed with MS using the 2017 McDonald criteria, while the 15 healthy volunteers had no known history of neurological or autoimmune disease.
Luplin et al., 2014 classify patients into RRMS, SPMS, and PPMS based on their level of activity (active, inactive groups).
For time periods that varied by DMT kind, they did not take any DMTs.
The RT-qPCR method was used to examine the expression of miRNAs in plasma samples.
Patients’ MRI scans of the brain and cervical spine were examined for the presence of T2 and T1 contrast enhanced lesions.
It has been discovered that both miRNA-145 and miRNA-484 are overexpressed in MS patients compared to controls, RRMS patients compared to controls, and active MS compared to nonactive cases.
With a sensitivity of 61.29% and a specificity of 73.33% and 80%, respectively, they were able to distinguish between MS patients and healthy controls.
Additionally, miRNA-145 was increased in RRMS patients compared to SPMS patients and could differentiate between the two with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 52.38%.
Our findings corroborated those of other research, demonstrating the value of these microRNAs in the early identification and phenotyping of MS patients.