الفهرس 
Glucose homeostasisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is the process of maintaining of blood glucose at steady-state. Therefore,blood glucose concentration needs to be maintained within narrow limits.Long-lasting disturbances in blood glucose concentrations can cause diseases and death. (1) Most tissues as brain need glucose constantly,as an important source of energy. The low blood concentration of glucose can cause seizures, loss of consciousness, and death. On the other hand, long lasting elevation of blood glucose concentration, can result in blindness, renalfailure,vascular disease,and neuropathy. (2) The body can adjust glucose levels by secreting two hormones which are insulin and glucagon that work in opposition to each other. (3) Normally, the body maintains the levels of sugar in the blood within a range of about 70 to 110 mg/dL, depending on when a person last ate. In the fasting state, blood sugar can occasionally fall below 60 mg/dL and even to below 50 mg/dL and not indicate a serious abnormality or disease. This can be seen in healthy women, particularly after prolonged fasting. (4) The Pathological changes in glucose homeostasis may by hypoglycemia ordiabetes mellitus. (5) One significant disease that can affect glucose homeostasis is thalassemia which is a group of frequent genetic disorders resulting inthe synthesis of little or no β-globin chains.(6)It is a common cause of hypochromic microcytic anemia which arises from the reduced or absent synthesis of the globin chain of hemoglobin.