الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Iron (Fe) is one of the essential trace metals in the human body, which is found in the active centers of many enzymes and oxygen carrier proteins. Iron is utilized by most living cells and organisms for essential biochemical functions such as oxygen transfer, DNA repair, metabolic and enzymatic activities Since anemia is the most important indicator of iron deficiency, the terms ID and IDA are often used interchangeably. However, iron deficiency may develop in the absence of anemia and the tissues may be affected from this condition. Iron deficiency is manifested in different stages. If iron requirement is below intake, iron stores are reduced primarily. After the iron stroes are reduced, hemoglobin levels may stay normal for a while which means that iron deficiency is observed in the absence of anemia. At this time, only plasma ferritin level and plasma transferrin saturation are reduced. Negative iron balance which continues after iron stores are exhausted is manifested with decreased hemoglobin. Conclusively, reduced body iron stores has been defined as ID and worsening of this condition and development of anemia is defined as IDA. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a widespread public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates globally that " ~ "273 million young children under 5 years are anemic, among which " ~ "50% are estimated to suffer from iron deficiency The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency among a representative sample of children aged from 6 Summary 90 months to 11 years and its impact on growth in Shebin Elkom district, Menoufia governorate. This study was performed on 200 children aged 6months to 11 years attended outpatient clinic at Menoufia insurance Hospitals within a period from January 2021 to January 2022. Patients were subjected to history taking, clinical evaluation, and laboratory investigations including HB, s.ferrtine and crp were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed The study group were Divided into two groups: group A: preschool age(6months:5years) group B: school age(5years:11years) Anthropometric measurements such as weight, height were measured for all children. Z-scores for weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) for children less than 10 years, and weight-for-height (WHZ) for children less than 5 years, Body mass index (BMI) for age for the children aged equal or more than 5 years. Nutritional status was defined as underweight if WAZ was less than −2 standards deviation (SD), stunting if HAZ was less than -2SD, and wasting if WHZ was less than -2SD from the results of our study we concluded that prevalence of IDA is more common in infants aged 6 months to 2 years representing 70 % of total age group prevalence of IDA is more common in infants aged 6 months to 2 years representing 70 % of total age group. Prevalence of non-anemic iron deficiency was 18% &15% in preschool and school age respectively in preschool age, anemic Summary 91 children with underweight were 90% of total underweight cases with significant P value 0.0004. There was statiscal association between iron status and height / length for age in preschool age, p value 0.025 according to BMI in school age, there was statiscal association with iron status, p value 0.038 while overweight &obese anemic children were about 30% of iron status but didn‘t reach a significant level. So we highly recommend early screening of ID in first two years of life & annual screening of ID for older children & this screening must be done by both Hb & s.ferrtine Also, Weaning must be with healthy and fortified food to decrease Iron deficiency and its complications in infant stage.& Pregnant and lactating mother and infants more than 6 months should receive prophylactic dose of oral iron. |