الفهرس 
Evaluation of anti-cancer effect of different concentrations of grape seed extract
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Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma was ranked tenth among the most common tumors, worldwide. Unfortunately, the available treatment protocols for such a malignancy have been associated with severe morbidity. Thus, the evolution of new therapeutic agents with a strong anti-cancer effect and limited side effects has become a must. In the past decades, multiple lines of evidence have suggested the possible use of natural therapeutic agents instead of chemical ones. Many studies have revealed the anti-tumor activity of Grape seed extract (GSE) in many cancer models. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-cancer and apoptotic effect of GSE on OSCC. Doxorubicin (Dox), one of the most powerful anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutic drugs, was used as a reference for comparing its results with those of GSE. Gingival squamous cell carcinoma cell line (ca9-22) was used and subcultured into 7 groups: 1 control group (not exposed to any treatment), 3 groups treated by GSE and the remaining 3 groups treated by Dox for 24, 48 and 72 time intervals. The viability percentage and cytotoxicity of cancer cells were determined by MTT viability assay. Then, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis were accomplished using flow cytometry. Finally, the apoptotic indicator (caspase-3 was measured by means of ELISA