الفهرس 
الاطار العام للدراسةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The study aimed to identify the pattern of prehistoric antiquities and how to develop it to play a role in diversifying the Egyptian tourist product, The analytical descriptive approach was used and the research sample was selected from (officials of the Prehistoric Antiquities Department of the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, officials of the Egyptian General Authority for Tourist Activation, officials of the Regional Authority for Tourism Promotion in the New Valley), and The total size of the sample was (15) officials, and the study tools used were personal interviews, and a survey form numbered (150) was designed and directed to tourism companies with the aim of reaching the status of prehistoric archeology tourism in the New Valley and the most important obstacles to its development This study was applied to the archaeological sites of prehistoric antiquities represented in (the New Valley Oasis, the Gulf Great Plateau, and Jabal Al-Owainat) in the New Valley Governorate, during the month of November 202, and the most important results indicated that the New Valley Governorate has many elements of tourist attractions represented in In monuments representing all historical and prehistoric eras, The results also indicated that displaying prehistoric sites in their original locations can be exploited to achieve diversity in the Egyptian tourist product, depending on the diverse geographical, archaeological and cultural characteristics of the New Valley Governorate, as a serious attempt to stimulate tourism and attract the largest number of tourists, allowing Egypt to It competed with it on the world tourism map, and the study showed that the tourist demand to visit these sites is not commensurate with the great archaeological value they enjoy. Sufficient cooperation between official bodies in the field of revitalizing the visit to these archaeological sites.English Summary Research introduction:Prehistoric science investigates the origin and development of human civilizations before they knew writing With the archaeological remains left by civilization (such as stone and bone tools, drawings and wall engravings), the study of which allows re-imaging and designing the daily life of prehistoric humans in a specific environment and time. It is the knowledge of the various fields of life of the ancient man since his inception.However, prehistoric science is distinct from archeology in terms of research methodology, because archeology relied on written texts to support and correct history with physical evidence, while prehistoric science is based on natural sciences such as: geology of time, modern science (human and animal) and ancient botany. , geomorphology (climate), as well as on the physical sciences in relation to the dating of physical evidence to put them in a chronology of prehistoric civilizations (Hakim, 2013).Prehistoric times began with the appearance of the first traces of human existence and archaeologists Calling these eras the Paléolithique, because most of the machines and tools in those eras were primarily made of stones, and a few were made of wood, bone, horns, ivory and shells. The first, which means Palaios, which means ancient, and the second syllable Lithos, which means stone, and it is the age that represents the first and longest phase of the Prehistoric eras, that is, the ages that preceded the knowledge of writing, and they are also called the Stone Ages (Gibbon, 2006). These eras can be divided into three main eras: the Paleolithic, which ranges between (2 million - 12,000 BC), the Mesolithic or Epipaleolithic, which ranges between 12,000 - 5000 BC), and the Neolithic age, which ranges between (5000 - 3800 BC), and the stone machinery industry continued at the beginning of the copper manufacturing era, and therefore it was called the Metal Stone Age, and those interested in the stone ages divided each era Main to secondary ages, depending on the methods of making tools and living conditions (Aram, 2012).The sites of prehistoric human archeology are spread in various governorates of Egypt, and they are distinguished sites with unique components through which the life of prehistoric people and what left behind them are represented in the tools that I use on a daily basis, as well as the inscriptions and drawings that he left on the walls and rocks of those sites, such as caves, for example. The New Valley Governorate is one of the most important governorates that is rich in diverse tourism potentials that contribute to the creation of many different types of tourism, such as medical and cultural tourism, safari tourism and natural reserves, as well as archaeological tourism and cave tourism, especially the sites of prehistoric monuments scattered in its various oases (Dakhla, Kharga and Farafra), These sites are also spread in the Greater Gulf Plateau and Al-Aweinat in a more concentrated way, which characterizes the tourism product of the governorate, but despite the presence and importance of these sites, visiting these monuments does not receive enough attention from tourists, so focusing on these sites through marketing and promotion plays an important role in diversifying the product The Egyptian tourist by creating a new pattern, which is the tourism of prehistoric monuments, and including it in the tourist programs to compete with other tourist patterns of importance, which also helps in creating a competitive advantage and placing Egypt on the world tourism map and then diversifying the traditional tourist product and attracting a larger number of tourists. Research problem:The New Valley Governorate has multiple sites for prehistoric antiquities in separate places. Despite the many types of tourism in the New Valley Governorate, such as sports and cultural tourism, protected areas tourism, safari tourism, and others, the historical and tourism importance of prehistoric sites in Egypt did not receive attention. sufficient by the Ministry of Tourism and the Egyptian Tourism Authority, and it was not included in the tourism programs of the emerging tourist patterns, There are also shortcomings in previous studies that were concerned with prehistoric antiquities, except for a few of them, which depended on highlighting those sites from the archaeological side only without trying to link these sites to the tourist side by creating new tourist patterns and displaying them within the strategies of the state and exploiting them to achieve the diversity of the Egyptian tourist product depending on The province is characterized by a variety of unique prehistoric sites.Research importance:The importance of the study is due to the possibility of placing the New Valley Governorate on the international tourism map and turning it into a market to receive domestic tourism and into an international tourist market that can be exploited most times of the year, given the New Valley Governorate’s natural, human and archaeological geographic characteristics that distinguish it from many tourist areas in Egypt Which can be exploited in presenting new tourism patterns that diversify the Egyptian tourism product, achieving more competition in the international tourism market and increasing Egypt’s share of the global tourism movement.The importance of the study is also represented in the need for Egypt to implement new tourism strategies that depend on the diversity of the Egyptian tourist product and the promotion of new tourist attractions, the most important of which is the tourism of prehistoric monuments, to satisfy and meet the needs and desires of different groups of tourists in all countries, in order to achieve more revitalization and tourist attraction. For Egypt, to increase tourist demand and increase the number of tourists and tourist nights by increasing tourism spending and revenue rate, Which positively affects Egypt in the economic aspects, as it contributes to increasing national income, and is an important source of hard currency and employment, as well as its contribution to improving the balance of payments status of countries and attracting foreign capital in various direct and indirect tourism projects, in addition to supporting growth rates. in Egypt.Research Aims:1-Analysis of the elements of prehistoric archaeological tourism in the New Valley.2-Assessment of the current situation of prehistoric archaeological tourism in the New Valley.3-Evaluating the efforts of tourism companies in marketing the visit to the prehistoric monuments in the New Valley.4-Evaluating the efforts of the official tourism authorities in marketing the prehistoric antiquities tourism in the New Valley.5- Analysis of the obstacles to marketing prehistoric monuments in the New Valley.6-Putting forward some proposals that would exploit the potentials of the New Valley Governorate to develop prehistoric archeology tourism in order to diversify the Egyptian tourism product. Research questions:1-What are the possibilities of prehistoric archeology tourism in the New Valley?2- What is the current status of prehistoric antiquities tourism in the New Valley?3-What is the role of tourism companies in marketing prehistoric antiquities tourism in the New Valley?4- What are the marketing efforts undertaken by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities and other tourism authorities in marketing prehistoric antiquities tourism in the New Valley?5- What are the obstacles to developing prehistoric archeology tourism in the New Valley?6- How can the obstacles to the development of prehistoric archeology tourism in the New Valley be overcome? Research community and sample:- Research community :The study community includes all those responsible for prehistoric antiquities in the official bodies, as well as all officials within the tourism companies organizing tourist trips for prehistoric antiquities tourism.-Research sample :The sample was chosen in a stratified random manner from (15) officials responsible for prehistoric antiquities in official bodies. The sample also includes all officials within the tourism companies organizing tourism trips for prehistoric antiquities tourism, numbering (150) officials.Research limitations:1- Spatial boundaries: This study is applied to the archaeological sites of prehistoric antiquities represented in (Oasis of the New Valley, Plateau of Jelf Al Kabeer, and Jabal Al Owainat) in the governorate.2-Time limits: the survey of tourism companies was applied during the period from January to April of 2022, and personal interviews were applied during the period from March to May of the same year, as the field study took five months from January to May for the year 2022. Research Methodology:The descriptive analytical approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study by describing what is an object, analyzing it and extracting facts, as the descriptive approach is not limited to data collection and tabulation, but rather aims at analysis and interpretation of the results, by collecting primary and secondary data, where two types of study were relied upon:1-Theoretical study: Reliance was made on desk research and the use of Arab and foreign scientific references, scientific studies and previous research through conferences and the use of bulletins, articles, periodicals, reports and official websites on the World Wide Web for International Information (Internet).2-Research field: To achieve the objectives of the study, a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) was used, where a number of information was obtained through personal interviews (interviews) with officials (the Egyptian General Authority for Tourist Activation in Cairo, the Regional Authority for Tourism Promotion in the New Valley, as well as the Prehistoric Antiquities Department at the Ministry of Tourism). Tourism and Antiquities (Appendix No. 1), and a survey form was designed and then directed to the tourism companies in order to reach the status of prehistoric tourism in the New Valley and the most important obstacles to its development, Appendix No.(2). Statistical Processing:The data for the research variables were processed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver.21; The level of significance at 0.05 was chosen to ensure the significance of the statistical results, The statistical treatment plan included the following methods:1.Frequency Distribution.2. Mean.3. Standard Deviation.4. Pearson coefficient.5.Chi Square.6.Likert Scale.7 Percentage. Research results : 1.The New Valley Governorate is one of the most important governorates of Egypt with the presence of prehistoric antiquities, especially the oases of the Dakhla, Kharga, Farafra, Jabal Al Oweinat and the Gulf of the Great Plateau. Many other archaeological sites dating back to the Greek, Roman, Coptic and Islamic eras give it a competitive advantage.2.There is a great diversity in the components of tourism in its various forms that made the governorate a suitable place for the development of adventure tourism, medical tourism, natural healing and history tourism, whether pre-historic or cultural tourism in a way that achieves a mixture of tourism and diversity that makes it a unique area and area, which qualifies it to be a fertile ground for the implementation of programs All-inclusive tourism.3. The tourism of prehistoric monuments in Egypt in general and the New Valley in particular contributes to the development of the Egyptian tourist product, considering this tourism as a new factor of attraction, which leads to attracting new segments of tourists and increasing the tourist demand on these sites.4.The sites of prehistoric antiquities did not receive enough attention to market them to attract a greater number of tourists compared to the Greek, Roman and Islamic antiquities marketed in the governorate.5. There is insufficient cooperation between the Tourism Promotion Authority and the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities and the Department of Prehistoric Antiquities in the New Valley Governorate, and there is no fruitful coordination between these bodies to make the most of all the possibilities that exist within the New Valley Governorate.6. The volume of tourist demand to visit prehistoric archaeological sites is not commensurate with the rare antiquities enjoyed by Egypt in general and the New Valley Governorate in particular.7. Visiting prehistoric archaeological sites attracts a small and certain segment of tourists interested in scientific tourism and discovering the mysteries of the world’s emergence, and that searches for the origins of these eras, such as research and educational associations specialized in the study of archeology, as well as prehistoric antiquities, not for the purpose of entertainment.8.There is an absence of the role of the media, marketing campaigns, and systematic plans to highlight the components of the New Valley Governorate and to introduce those effects and motivate them to visit.9. There is an absence of the role of tourism companies to organize programs directed to the New Valley and only trips directed to Luxor, Aswan and other tourist cities.10.Lack of awareness of the organizers of tourism programs and tourism companies of most of the prehistoric archaeological sites, as well as their lack of awareness of the importance of including visiting these sites within their tourism programs, which are no less important than the archaeological sites in Egypt.11.There is an absence of the role of official bodies towards paying attention to the pattern of prehistoric tourism in particular, and the lack of coordination between the concerned authorities among themselves towards paying attention to this pattern, in addition to the weak role of the tourism administration within the governorate in supporting marketing and promotional campaigns to highlight this pattern in an appropriate manner, despite the fact that The importance of what the New Valley Governorate possesses of ingredients that serve this style. Study recommendations 1.Strengthening the basic infrastructure of the governorate, which needs restructuring and maintenance, in addition to providing many services to meet the targeted tourist demand.2.Improving transportation and transportation and facilitating access to the New Valley Governorate, and all access to prehistoric archaeological sites, by constructing a modern road network and maintaining the current road network.3.Teaching desert culture to four-wheel drive drivers accompanying tourists on safari trips to avoid destroying these monuments, due to the driver’s lack of awareness of them and their importance and not considering them to be worthless ordinary stones.4.Establishing a special site in the New Valley Governorate that displays the archaeological areas in the governorate using 3D technology or heliograms, explaining how to visit and how to reach them, in order to increase the local demand for visiting the governorate.5.Seeking to encourage flights to Dakhla Airport in the New Valley Governorate, and linking the flights to some airports in the different governorates, as it is an advantage that contributes to facilitating access to the New Valley from Cairo and vice versa.6. Seeking to establish special museums for prehistoric antiquities in the New Valley Governorate to introduce these antiquities and to provide a sense of visiting the original sites of those antiquities.7.Complete the documentation of the rest of the prehistoric antiquities sites located within the New Valley, to provide sufficient information about these antiquities.8. Paying attention to the restoration work of many prehistoric monuments.9.Conducting more studies to determine the ages of prehistoric humans in the New Valley (the time period during which prehistoric humans lived in the New Valley) so that this information can be used in marketing later as a way to attract tourism.10. Providing the necessary capital by specialists to restore prehistoric monuments in their site and environment 11.Intensifying marketing efforts by the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities 12.Future planning to highlight the importance of prehistoric archaeological sites by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities.13.Work to reduce the cost of trips to visit prehistoric archaeological sites as much as possible to attract large numbers of tourists to this type.