الفهرس 
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Abstract
The total study subjects was include (N=180) , and available in the pre-mentioned
settings at the time of data collection , were willing to participate in study research,
had BSCs of Nursing, Diploma, and master or PhD degree in nursing science, and
had at least one year of experience at the current working institute .
The study subjects were distributed as the follows :
• Alexandria Technical Health Institute (90 nurse educators).
• Health Insurance Technical Institutes (45 nurse educators).
• Alexandria University Institute (45 nurse educators).
Tools of the study:
Three tools were used to collect data of this study.
Tool (I): Toxic Leadership Questionnaire:
It was developed by (Çelebi, Güner & Yildiz, 2015) and validated by (Özer, 2017),
it was adapted by the researcher It used to assess toxic leadership from the perspective of
nurse educators in the pre-mentioned settings, It consists of 30 items distributed on four
main dimensions namely: Unappreciativeness (11 items), self-interest (9 items), selfishness
(5 items) and negative spiritual state (5 items) (Özer et al., 2017).
Nurses’ responses were measured on a 5 point likert scale ranging from (1) strongly
disagree to (5) strongly agree. The maximum and minimum scores ranged from 30 to 150.
The scoring system was:
- The range of scores <33.33% indicates a low level of toxic leadership.
- The range of scores 33.33<66.66% indicates a moderate level of toxic leadership.
The range of scores more than 66.66% indicates a high level of toxic leadership.
Reverse coding for reverse item was done (Item number 1.10 in the first dimension).