الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Moringa leaves are an excellent source of nutrients for humans who are deficient in many nutrients such as proteins, vitamins, phenols, and antioxidants. Moringa leaf extract is a natural plant extract rich in phenols and a natural preservative for beverages. For this purpose, designed moringa functional beverages in form of functional beverage and tea were prepared. physicochemical, antioxidant properties and sensory evaluation were determined and the best ratio of functional moringa: pineapple juice with blending ratio (15:85); moringa tea flavored with (2%) ginger extract and moringa aqueous extract were biologically evaluated on rats induced to oxidative stress by CCl4 for their effect on body weight gain, glucose, lipids profile, liver function and histopathological alteration finding. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: 1. The results of proximate analysis for dried M. oleifera leaves could be noticed that, a moisture content of 7.35%, an appreciable amount of carbohydrate 45.25% and crude protein 26.25%, and a moderate presence of crude fiber 8.41%, ash content 8.25%, and crude fat 4.49%. 2. Moringa leaves revealed a high content of minerals in moringa leaves but especially of Ca, Fe, and Mn. The RDA is a daily nutrient intake level that fulfills the nutrient requirements of " ~ "98% of healthy individuals in an age- and sex-specific population. 3. Physicochemical properties, including pH, T.S.S, and treatable acidity (%), for moringa aqueous extract (ME); moringa: pineapple juice (MEP) and moringa tea flavored with Ginger extract (MTG), are shown moderately acidic at pH 4.70 for Pineapple juice (PJ), whereas moringa extract (ME) was neutral (pH 6.86). When ME was mixed with PJ at different ratios (i.e., MEP1, MEP2, MEP3, 58 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Zeinab M. Noaman (2022), M.SC., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ. and MEP4), pH increased slightly. Also, brix (TSS) revealed that PJ had the highest brix, whereas MT and MTG had the lowest. While, mixing ME with PJ significantly increased. 4. TPC, TFC, and DPPH scavenging activity of the mixtures were increased by increasing the ratio of ME. Conversely, TPC, TFC and scavenging activity in MT decreased after the addition of GE. 5. The sensory data revealed that all recipes were acceptable and the acceptability of MEP1 was nearly the same as the control, Furthermore, the sensory data for MT and MTG showed that there was no significant difference between the two samples in their overall acceptability, indicating the possibility that adding moringa leaf extract to PJ or MT with GE will improve nutritional value and antioxidant activity, and reduce the flavor and bitterness of moringa. 6. An increase of body weight has been demonstrated in oxidative stress rats (OC), while the moringa aqueous extract (ME); moringa: Pineapple juice (MEP) and moringa tea flavored with Ginger extract (MTG) was lower than the NC and OC, while the MTG was the lowest group. 7. The result of rat’s liver organ weight at the end of experiment showed that no significant among group of NC, ME and MEP, these results indicate to the effect of moringa extract and moringa extract with pineapple. While the liver weight increased in group OC. 8. The glucose level was kept within the standard limits, and it did not show any significant changes between the treatments compared to the positive and negative control group. 9. Rats inductive to oxidative stress by CCl4 showed an increase in the level of cholesterol and total glycerides compared to the treatments that controlled the level of cholesterol and triglycerides at the 59 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Zeinab M. Noaman (2022), M.SC., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ. standard level, while it did not show any significant effects on the level of HDL and LDL level. Generally, we can say that all values were in the normal range of rats 10. Rats induced oxidative stress by CCl4 developed significant hepatocellular injury as revealed from the higher serum activities of AST and ALT compared to normal control group (NC) and others treatment. 11. Oxidative stress biomarkers levels indicated that the mean value of malondialdehyde (MDA) in oxidative stress control group (OC) was significantly higher than that in normal control group (NC) and other protective treatments. While, reduced glutathione revealed elevation in groups administrated orally moringa aqueous extract (ME); moringa: pineapple juice (MEP) and moringa tea flavored with ginger extract (MTG), compared to oxidative stress control group (OC). The group which was consumed moringa extract and pineapple juice with blending ratio (15:85) recorded the highest significant difference protection in compered to oxidative stress control group. 12. All treatment of moringa aqueous extract (ME); moringa: Pineapple juice (MEP) and moringa tea flavored with Ginger extract (MTG) had a potential protective roll from oxidative stress caused by CCl4 and improved the histological alteration of the liver. |