الفهرس 
Biotechnological detection of some marker genes in cancer cell and their relation to natural anticancer compounds
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Abstract
Leukemia is a rapidly progressive disease which is one of the most common causes of death worldwide.Several therapy modalities have been employed in the treatment of leukemia such as natural anticancer compounds which found in plants e.g. Saussurea Lappa (S. lappa). Cytotoxic activity of S. lappa extracts was determined in relation to CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha (C/EBPA) gene expression, in addition to phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity. Successive extraction of S. lappa root powder using methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and chloroform solvents was done; the twelve fractions were separated from chloroform extract by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Estimation of total phenolic and total flavonoid was done together with antioxidant. Cytotoxic activity of S. lappa extracts and twelve fractions which have been tested on three leukemia cell cultures (CML, AML, ALL) by MTT assay. C/EBPA gene expression was detected by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR).The chloroform extract of S.lappa showed the highest cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell cultures. Regarding C/EBPA gene expression in leukemic cells after addition of chloroform fractions (C2+C9) from the S. lappa plant, a statistically significant difference (P value 0.008) with (C9) compound was found this denotes the higher cytotoxic activity of (C9) on the leukemia cells. The S. lappa roots contain phenol and flavonoid compounds, which have a high cytotoxic effect on leukemic cells and improve C/EBPA gene expression which is a known good prognostic marker. Further studies of S.lappa for the elucidation of the cytotoxic mechanisms considered as immense importance to deal with leukemia must be done in thefuture