الفهرس 
Prevalence and molecular characterization of multi-drug resistant isolated from clinical specimens escherichia coli
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Abstract
Increasing incidence of multidrug -resistant extended-spectrum Ý-lactamase{uFFFD}producing bacteria is a serious public health problem that has strongly impacted the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer. Consequently, this work was aimed to investigate the prevalence of drug-resistant E. coli isolated from clinical samples of adults and children. 180 samples (90 from adults and 90 from children) were collected. 130 bacterial isolates (80 from children and 50 from adults) showed to be E. coli. The prevalence of resistance to common antibiotics in adults and children was ampicillin (84% and 69%), cephalothin (72% and 54%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (62% and 47%), ciprofloxacin (54% and 24%), levofloxacin (54% and 21%), aztreonam (44% and 43%), cefepime (36% and 43%), ceftriaxone (34% and 43%), amoxicillin{uFFFD}clavulanate (34% and 42%), ceftazidime (32% and 43%), gentamicin (16% and 11%), nitrofurantion (4% and 3%), ertapenem (4% and 6%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (2% and 1%), respectively. MDR E. coli (resistance to {u2265}3 antimicrobial groups) in adults and children were 37 (74%) and 59 (73.75%), respectively. ESBL-producing rate among E. coli isolates was 50% and 44% in adults and children, respectively. Resistance genes (Which associated with resistance beta-lactams blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaVEB, blaCTX-M) were detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The resistance genes incidence in sample isolated from adults was blaTEM (100%), blaSHV (28.57%) blaCTX-M (100%). However, in children, it was blaTEM (100%), blaSHV (14.28%) blaCTX-M (71.42%). The genes blaOXA and blaVEB were not detected in any sample. Sequences of 16S rRNA genes of the most resistant isolates share 99% similarity with that of E. coli strain DX15. The isolation of MDR ESBL{uFFFD}producing E. coli definitely will limit the choices of clinicians to treat their patients. Therefore, there is an urgent requisite for surveillance studies on antimicrobial resistance and incidence of ESBLs among patients to guide the clinical cure