الفهرس 
Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), Midkine (MDK), and Golgi-protein 73 (GP73) as predictor markers of Hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison with U-Fetoprotein (AFP) in chronic Hepatitis C virus patients
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. The use of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) alone was not an accurate biomarker for HCC despite its high specificity. In the current study we assessed the expression levels of Golgi protein 73 (GP73), Midkine (MDK) and Dickkopf-1(DKK-1) proteins separately and in combination at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis. The ROC curve analysis for the studied markers showed (1) 88.5% sensitivity, 80.6% specificity, 69% PPV , 93.5% NPV and (AUC 0.91) for MDK; (2) 93.6%, 86.9%, 77.7%, 96.5% for DKK-1. (3) 91%, 85%, 74.7%, 95% (AUC 0.96) for GP73, and (4) 74.4%, 84.4%, 69.9%, 87.1% (AUC 0.81) for AFP. Serum levels of GP73, MDK, and DKK-1 are comparable to AFP as diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of HCC patients from Egypt. A two markers panel including Gp73 and DKK-1 showed the highest specificity and sensitivity among different markers combinations