الفهرس 
الفصل الأول الإطار العام للبحثيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 277 |  |  |
| | | from | 277 | | |
المستخلص
The management of the educational process is one of the necessities of human life. Through its various processes, societies progress and nations rise. The success of the educational process depends on several elements. The most important of these elements is school management, which is a cornerstone of the educational process represented by the school director, who is the leader who influences In all members of the school and seeks to achieve the desired goals by assisting the staff and directing them to carry out their duties and tasks.
The school principal is responsible for achieving the educational goals and objectives, meaning that he is responsible for the functioning of the school in all its multiple, diverse and overlapping fields. The principal’s functions include three main functions: the administrative function, which is concerned with organizing the school administration, and the technical and supervisory function, which requires the principal to supervise On the progress of the educational process, in addition to the social function that is concerned with linking the school with the local community.
Job stress results from the multiplicity of roles or their nature, work conditions, disagreements, relationships, organizational structure, change or time. There are those who believe that work pressures are of two types: positive pressures and negative pressures. Many as it can be said that anything inside the work may be a source of tension and anxiety, and this depends on the individual’s awareness of these reasons.
Work in the field of school administration is a source of pressure, as many school workers feel exhaustion and psychological and physical imbalances. Which affects them and the level of performance they perform negatively, as a result of the effects of these pressures, which are negatively reflected on their performance and their lack of satisfaction with work.
The relationship between Job stress and job performance is closely related, especially when we find that primary school principals are expected to perform all administrative and technical duties and functions for everyone in an effective and satisfactory manner, but the complexity of the school reality does not make them able to achieve satisfaction and gratification for these required roles in light of the limited resources in front of them Therefore, the school principal must put problems in the form of priorities, and put alternatives in his decisions so that they are studied and carefully examined to confront them and find solutions to them. The real problem is the lack of a clear distribution of competencies, giving preference often to administrative functions, and the lack of authority and responsibility for the school principal in decision-making.
Therefore, these pressures stand as obstacles for the individual at work, as the individual resorts to confronting these obstacles to spending a great deal of time in order to control them and may resort to some tricks at work such as fraud and deception, or these pressures may affect performance, and the mental performance of the individual is also affected.
Therefore, it is necessary to take advantage of managing work pressures, which is reflected in improving the job performance of primary school principals; To achieve educational and pedagogical goals through an appropriate environment for school work.
The Problem of study:
Job stress is one of the distinguishing features of this era, and an essential part of practical and functional life that cannot be ignored or neglected. Natural gives individuals a sense of ability to produce and achieve and serve as positive incentives for them, but if it exceeds the required limit, it negatively affects their performance, and exposes them to many health, psychological and social problems. On the job performance of workers in different professions in varying forms, according to the nature or type of work and its requirements, as well as according to job roles and the way of interacting with others and daily work.
The school principal has a multi-sided position that includes a strong and institutional bond with students, faculty members, staff and parents, and the community surrounding the school, which requires him to play many and multiple roles. He bears different responsibilities towards all of them. The school principal is expected to perform these functions in light of the basic functions of the school administration, such as planning, organizing, directing, following up, and evaluating, which are leadership practices for administrative and technical tasks carried out by the school principal; He finds himself facing many challenges imposed on him by the spirit of the age in which he is living.
In light of the current situation of schools, especially primary schools in Egypt, this indicates an increase in work pressures among school principals, and this is evident through many studies that indicated this.
from the foregoing, it becomes clear the importance of the need to manage these pressures, which will be reflected in improving the job performance of school principals, in order to overcome these pressures and their problems, thus improving their job performance.
In light of the above, the study problem can be formulated in the following main question:
What is the relationship between Job stress and improving job performance among primary school principals in Egypt?
The following questions are derived from the main question:
1- What are the theoretical foundations of Job stress and its management among primary school principals in Egypt?
2- What is the nature of job performance for primary school principals in Egypt?
3- What is the reality of managing Job stress among primary school principals in Egypt?
4- What is the proposed scenario for managing Job stress to improve the job performance of primary school principals in Egypt?
Limitations of the study:
The limits of the study are as follows:
Objective limits: The study seeks to identify the nature of Job stress management and its relationship to improving job performance among primary school principals in Egypt.
Spatial boundaries: This study was applied to a sample of public and private primary schools in Beni Suef Governorate (Al-Wasta, Beni Suef, Nasser, Ihnasiya, Biba, Somasta, Al-Fashn, Beni Suef El-gededa).
Human limits: The human limits of the study are represented in a sample of primary school principals in Egypt. The selection of the sample is due to school principals due to their effective leadership role in the educational process, and the importance of this role in advancing the educational process.
Time limits: The field study tools were applied during the period from 7/3/2021 to 9/4/2021, and they represent the time limits of the study.
Study aims:
The study aims to achieve the bellowing:
1. Identifying the theoretical foundations of Job stress in terms of: its nature, sources, elements, importance, theories, results, and strategies for dealing with it.
2. Develop a theoretical framework on the nature of the job performance of Egyptian school principals in terms of (the concept, importance, foundations, influencing factors, evaluation stages, and its relationship to work pressures.
3. Monitoring the sources of work pressures that primary school principals are exposed to, and the reality of the relationship between these pressures and job performance among primary school principals.
4. Presenting a proposed vision to improve the job performance of primary school principals in Mass in the light of managing Job stress.
the importance of studying:
1. The theoretical importance of the study stems from shedding light on the work pressures of primary school principals due to the importance of their jobs, the roles they play, and their great impact on the progress and welfare of society.
2. The practical importance of the study is to present a proposed conception about managing Job stress and its relationship to improving job performance among primary school principals in Egypt. This study also attempts to draw the attention of policy planners and those responsible for developing basic education to the need to pay attention to the issue of work pressure, and to formulate policies to mitigate its effects. This results in improved performance.
Methodology and Tools:
The current study relied on the descriptive approach to describe the nature of Job stress, and its management, the importance of its study, the elements of Job stress in the school, theories explaining Job stress, the stages of Job stress, its sources, its consequences within the school, and strategies and methods for dealing with Job stress in the school, as well as describing job performance. In terms of the nature of job performance, its elements, the stages of job performance evaluation, the relationship of Job stress to job performance, the impact of Job stress on job performance, steps to improve job performance, and the integrated system for job performance evaluation, then the current study relied on the (relational) studies method. The study was conducted on a random sample of (240) individuals, and used a questionnaire addressed to the director of public and private primary schools in Beni Suef Governorate, in all its centers (Al-Wasta, Beni Suef, Nasser, Ihnasia, Biba, Somasta, Al-Fashn, New Beni Suef); With the aim of revealing the reality of the relationship between Job stress management and job performance for the principal of primary schools in Egypt.
Steps to study:
The study proceeds according to the following steps:
The first step: the general theoretical framework of the study, which includes the introduction, the problem of the study, its importance and objectives, as well as clarifying the method, tool and sample of the study, and defining the terms and previous studies.
The second step: It includes the theoretical foundations about managing Job stress in terms of (its importance, elements of Job stress in the school, theories explaining Job stress, stages of Job stress, its sources, its consequences within the school, and strategies and methods for dealing with Job stress at school).
The third step: It includes developing a theoretical framework on job performance in terms of (its elements, stages of job performance evaluation, the relationship of Job stress to job performance, the impact of Job stress on job performance, and its impact, and the integrated system for job performance evaluation).
The fourth step: Monitoring the reality of the job performance of primary school principals in terms of (the functions and responsibilities of primary school principals, the professional problems and pressures they are exposed to, and their job performance problems).
The fifth step: Develop a proposed vision for managing Job stress and its relationship to improving job performance among primary school principals in Egypt.