الفهرس 
O VULATION I NDUCTION BY G ONADOTROPINSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the clinical definition of infertility is the inability to get pregnant after one year of natural and persistent sexual intercourse without prevention.
According to the studies, about 50–80 million people around the world experience some form of infertility during their life. Today, modern assisted reproductive technologies have revolutionized the evaluation and treatment of infertility.
First and still the commonest, modern assisted reproductive technique is called in vitro fertilization (IVF), assisted a large number of infertile couples to experience a successful pregnancy.
IVF consists of a completely synchronized sequence of actions which begin with controlled stimulation of ovary by exogenous gonadotropins. Oocyte retrieval from ovaries was under trans-vaginal ultrasound guidance. After IVF, the embryos will be transferred into the uterus.
Follicular fluid (FF) is a serum transudate, which contains metabolism products produced by granulosa and theca cells and provides the micro-environment of the grown oocyte. This environment is influenced by endocrine signaling and by the type of gonadotropin the follicle is exposed to during the follicular phase.
The follicular fluid (FF) hormone microenvironment is known to regulate oocyte maturation, oocyte quality and subsequent embryonic development.
Progesterone is an intra-follicular steroid that plays critical roles in resumption of oocyte meiosis, fertilization, embryonic development, implantation and maintenance of pregnancy.
Several studies determined high FF Progesterone concentrations to be predictive of subsequent implantation. However, additional studies have shown that oocytes from follicles with high FF progesterone were associated with post-mature oocytes; displaying abnormal fertilization with multi-pronucleation.