الفهرس 
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Abstract
Recently, the incidence of food-borne diseases caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) has increased around the world. Aim: In this study, we have examined the methodologies and molecular characterization techniques for assessing the phenotypic, genotypic and characteristics of STEC O157 and non-O157 from milk samples from different governorates in Egypt. Method: milk samples were collected from different governorates in Egypt, Culture and isolation methods, including selective enrichment and differential plating that enabled the effective recovery of STEC have been performed. Following recovery, immunological serotyping of somatic surface antigens (O-antigens) was employed for the classification of the STEC isolates. Molecular genotyping methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and partial genome sequencing have been performed.
Results: In the present study, out of 33/158 samples were positive for Stx2 gene (20.88), 1 sample was positive for Stx1 and Stx2 and 10 isolates were positive for eae gene. Also in this study, 7 serogroups were found between the isolates of E. coli (O157, O26, O111, O78, O125, O158, O127). O157 (5.06%) and O26 (3.79%) were the most frequently identified serogroups.
Conclusion: High prevalance of Stx2 in collected milk samples and high prevalence of O157, O26 strains and other important serogroups will provide a better understanding of risks associated with STEC and will aid in the development of efficient and targeted intervention strategies.