الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective and/or treatment effect of Gum Arabic (GA) as natural and safe chemopreventive and renoprotective compound on cisplatin (CP) induced acute and chronic renal injury. Two experiments were conducted acute and chronic study. First experiment (acute) thirty male albino rats were classified into 5 equal groups. group (I) was kept as control. group (II) GA control: rats received GA 6% in drinking water for 7 days. group (III) Cisplatin-induced kidney injury: rats received intraperitoneal injection of CP (4.5mg/kg b.wt.) for two consecutive days. group (IV) GApretreated (preventive): rats received GA 6% in drinking water daily one month prior to cisplatin induced renal injury. group (V) GA treatment: rats received GA 6% orally in drinking water daily for 7 days with intraperitoneal injection of CP (4.5mg/kg b.wt.) for two consecutive days. Second experiment (chronic) forty-five male albino rats were classified into 5 groups, 9 rats in each. group I (control) included non-treated rats. group II (GA): rats received GA 6% in drinking water for 12 weeks. group III (cisplatin): rats injected by CP 2mg/kg b.wt. i.p. once weekly for 7 weeks. group IV (preventive): rats pretreated with GA 6% in drinking water one week prior to induction of renal injury and continued to the end of experiment throughout 12 weeks, with CP injection in dose 2 mg/kg b.wt. once weekly for 7 weeks. group V (treatment): rats injected with CP 2mg/kg b.wt. i.p. once weekly for 7 weeks and received GA 6% in drinking water after last CP injection till the end of experiment till the12th week. At the end of each experiment rats were sacrificed, blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. CP injection in both experiments in group III resulted in induction of acute and chronic renal injury respectively. CP resulted in significant decrease in body weight and significant increase in kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), serum creatinine and serum urea concentration. In addition, Glutathione (GSH) level activities were decreased in. While, rats pretreated and/or coadministered with GA in groups IV and V, significantly reversed these destructive actions, reduced the renal toxicity and GSH level were increased. Cisplatin-induced renal injury in group (III) showed histopathological features of renal injury including hyperemia, leukocytic infiltrations, cystic dilatation of renal tubules, degenerations, necrosis in renal tubules in acute study and the same lesions in chronic study with induction of fibrosis and mononuclear cells
infiltration. While, rats received GA, in groups IV and V, revealed pronounced reversal of normal kidney architecture at the end of the study. Generally, GA helped in amelioration the damage effect of cisplatin on kidney with restoration of antioxidant enzymes, serum creatinine and urea levels near to normal levels. The present findings proposed that this natural plant can improve kidney function and significantly reduced the kidney toxicity induced by cisplatin injection. However, further studies are recommended before their use with conventional therapeutics for cisplatin-dependent chemotherapeutic patients.