الفهرس 
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder .It is characterized by problems paying attention, excessive activity, or difficulty controlling behavior which is not appropriate for a person’s age.
The relation between ADHD and language is especially intuitive in young children.
Pragmatic is the language use. It is also defined as the set of sociolinguistic rules one knows and uses in determining who says what to whom, how, why, when, and in what situation.
Assessment of the pragmatic language development in the Arabic speaking societies was a competence in the previous years. Recently, an Egyptian Arabic Pragmatic Language Test was developed (EAPLT). It is a validated and standardized test that determines the affected area and skills in pragmatic language among Arabic speaking children and provides a pragmatic language development age range.
No study before used the EAPLT to evaluate pragmatic aspect of language in children with ADHD.
This study was an observational case–control study that includes two groups, typically developed children between the age of 4 and 8 years with certain inclusion criteria.
Children diagnosed with ADHD with same age range, after being diagnosed on subjective and clinical measures as being ADHD
It was carried out at the outpatient clinic of the unit of Phoniatrics, ENT department of Aim Shams University Hospital.
Typically developing children was randomly selected by systemic random sampling from Cairo from classrooms of different schools.
Children diagnosed with ADHD was selected conveniently from children frequent outpatient clinic of unit of Phoniatrics of Ain Shams University Hospital with confirmed diagnosis from psychiatric department Ain Shams University.
A comprehension protocol was used including, Mental status examination: by Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 5th (edition) to provide the intelligence quotient (IQ) and the mental age.
Language assessment by the Modified Preschool Language Scale – 4th edition (PLS–4), the Arabic version.
Pragmatic language assessment by the Standardized Egyptian Arabic Pragmatic Language Test “EAPLT”, which can be applied on children with age range 2 to10 years old children.
According to the application of the EAPLT. 56% of the children with ADHD in this study had pragmatic language delay and scores below the 5th percentile, while all typically developed children scored above the 5th percentile.
There was insignificant deference between the 3 subtypes of ADHD regarding the language, pragmatics and conversation skills.