الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of the study: The study aimed to evaluate the ability of different rotary NiTi instruments (XP-endo Shaper, One Curve, and ProTaper Gold) to remove the remaining pulp tissues from oval-shaped canals after biomechanical preparation. Materials and methods: Seventy freshly extracted human mandibular premolars teeth were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (n=20) according to the type of rotary instrument that was used: group (1): roots prepared using XP-endo Shaper rotary system (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland); group (2): roots prepared using One Curve rotary system (Micro-Mega, Besancon, France). group (3): root canals prepared using ProTaper Gold rotary system (Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA); The remaining 10 samples served as a negative control group and received no root canal preparation. The irrigant was distilled water that were preheated in a water path at 37c. Afterward, the root canals were sectioned transversely and submitted to histological processing for microscopic evaluation. The images were analyzed on Intel® Core I5® based computer using Video Test Morphology® software (Russia) with a specific built-in routine for the area. Results: Statistical analysis (Kruskal Wallis - P. value 0.05) demonstrated that the results of this study indicated that all groups differ significantly than control. The 3 systems had similar cleaning effects in the coronal third, and the One Curve instrument results differs significantly than XP-endo Shaper and ProTaper Gold instruments in the middle third. Also, the One Curve instrument performed more in cleaning the pulp tissue than XP-endo Shaper and ProTaper Gold instruments in the apical third. Conclusions: None of the NiTi systems tested was able to completely clean the root canal space. The one curve showed less remaining pulp tissue than the other two rotary instruments.