الفهرس 
Chapter I. IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present thesis entitled: “Wound healing efficiency of cotton fabrics loaded with the synthesized silver nanoparticles prepared via solid state reaction” comprises of three chapters:
Chapter 1: is concerned with the literature survey of nanotechnology including a simple historical data, definition, applications, preparation techniques and examples of Nobel metal nanoparticles such as (silver, gold, copper and platinum) nanoparticles including some of their applications in various fields due to their characteristic properties that are completely different from their bulk materials.
Chapter 2: This chapter is entitled with (Bioactive Wound Dressing Gauze Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Acacia Gum) including the experimental steps:
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles with different concentrations via solid state method by making use of different concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.20 g) of silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursor and acacia gum as both reductant and a stabilizing agent in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as activating agent and PH mediator. Without NaOH negative yield was obtained.
After full characterization of the obtained AgNPs at different concentrations of the silver salt precursor (AgNO3), the finishing solution was prepared using (0.1g of AgNO3/ 1g Acacia) was selected for fabrics treatment via pad dry cure technique. Examination of the antimicrobial properties of the as prepared silver nanoparticles with different concentrations.
Moreover, this chapter involves the results and discussion of the obtained data such as:
Change in acacia color upon the addition of AgNO3 on the presence of sodium hydroxide illustrates and confirms the formation of AgNPs.
The obtained AgNPs was characterized by different techniques such as Uv–vis spectrum technique that shows the absorption beaks of AgNPs colloidal solutions whose color is turned to yellow that confirm the typical surface Plasmon resonance. The TEM micrographs of AgNPs shows that the particle shape is spherical with definite edges and very small size confirming that acacia has the competence to reduce and stabilize the formed AgNPs in presence of NaOH. In addition, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) of the as synthesized AgNPs prove the crystallinity of the nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering technique is used to determine the average size for AgNPs in a colloidal solutions of different concentrations. Surface charge (zeta potential) determination of AgNPs prepared at different AgNO3 concentrations is necessity to confirm the higher stability of AgNPs against agglomeration overtime. The SEM micrographs for AgNPs shows that the surface of native acacia become rougher upon the formation of AgNPs. Furthermore, higher agglomerations are observed as the initial concentration of silver precursor, AgNO3, is increased in the sample, FTIR spectroscopy confirms the interaction between Acacia and silver salt that can be detected by the formation of an additional peak at 460–470 cm-1 relevant to AgNPs formation.
SEM was employed to investigate the surface features of treated gauze fabrics in comparison with the untreated blank. It is confirmed that AgNPs are evenly located on the surface of the gauze fibers as the smooth native acacia surface become rough. Elemental analysis (EDX) of the treated gauze fabrics was used to confirm the presence of AgNPs. The elements Ag, C and O peaks were identified and no significant impurities were found in the samples.
The antibacterial Properties of powdered AgNPs Mediated via Acacia was examined against gram (+ve) and gram (-ve) bacteria and it was determined by measuring the inhibition zone. Moreover, the treated gauze fabrics with AgNPs shows a localized antibacterial activity of the treated samples underneath the gauze fabric instead of the whole dish. Therefore, further investigation is required and we resorted to the cell viable counting techniques that shows the reduction percent in number of bacterial colonies of untreated and treated gauze fabrics in CFU (%). Chapter 3: This chapter is entitled with (Wound healing activity of cotton fabrics loaded with silver nanoparticles in experimental model of diabetes) including the experimental steps:
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles via solid state method by making use of 0.20 g of AgNO3/ 1g Acacia in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
After full characterization of the obtained AgNPs, colloidal solutions with different concentrations were prepared by completely dissolving different weights of the as prepared AgNPs powder in 100 ml of distilled water to be used for fabrics treatment via pad dry cure technique. The work was elongated to examine wound healing activity of cotton fabrics loaded with silver nanoparticles in experimental model of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate a potential role of cotton fabrics loaded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in enhancing wound healing in STZ induced diabetic rats. Percent of wound contraction in different studied groups was estimated. Plasma nitric oxide (NO), malodialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured Serum neutrophil elastase and nuclear factor kappa were measured by ELISA. Homocystiene was estimated by HPLC. Moreover, this chapter involves the results and discussion of the obtained data such as:
Examination of the obtained AgNPs via Uv-vis , TEM, SEM, hydrodynamic particle size, zeta potential and XRD to confirm that The formed AgNPs are spherical and well dispersed although, higher agglomerations are observed as the initial concentration of AgNPs is increased in the colloidal solutions used in fabric preparation.
Diabetic wound healing calculations:
The Inflammatory biomarkers in this study presented as homocystien, neutrophil elastase and NF-κB in group I representing inflammatory chronicity whereas a lesser degree of inflammation was seen in wounds treated with AgNPs in treated groups I, II and III. The high concentration of AgNPs gave the best effect and showed high wound contraction rates than the lower concentrations; thus, the healing of these wound in our study appeared as a dose dependent. Moreover, a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities represented by elevation of GSH concomitant with a significant decrease in oxidant free radicals represented by reduction in MDA and NO levels in the treated groups compared with the blank group.