الفهرس 
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Abstract
Titanium composites are prepared for biomedical applications, in which titanium powder reinforced with 12 wt. % molybdenum powder is mixed with 5, 10, and 15 wt. % nano Al2O3 or ZrO2 by powder metallurgy technique. The mixed nano-composite powders are cold compacted under 600 MPa and sintered at 1450oC for 90 min. The microstructure, phase structure and chemical composition of the Ti-12Mo/Al2O3 and Ti-12Mo/ ZrO2 composite powders, as well as the sintered composites, are investigated by both SEM and X-ray diffraction. It was observed that Al2O3 or ZrO2 and Mo particles are homogeneously distributed all over the Ti matrix. All the composites are evaluated by measuring their density, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion behavior in artificial saliva (AS). The results revealed that, addition of 12 wt. %Mo to pure titanium improves the relative density, while the addition of Al2O3 or ZrO2 decreases the density of the Ti-12Mo nano-composite. Not only the density is improved by addition of Mo, but also the hardness and wears resistance. Regardless the decreasing in the density of Ti-12Mo nano-composite by increasing the Al2O3 or ZrO2 wt. %, the hardness and wear resistance are enhanced up to 5 wt. % Al2O3 or ZrO2, then decreases for higher percents. The corrosion test showed that Ti-12Mo/Al2O3 and Ti-12Mo/ ZrO2 composites have a corrosion resistance higher than that of pure Ti in AS solution. The concentration of both Ti, Mo, Zr, and Al ions released from Ti-12Mo/Al2O3 and Ti-12Mo/ ZrO2 composites in AS solution are extremely low. Resume, the Ti-12Mo/Al2O3 and Ti-12Mo/ ZrO2 composites exhibit the optimal comprehensive performance and have a high potential for implants applications. Biocompatibility test was estimated for all samples. The results revealed the high adhesion and growth of live cells on 5 wt. % ZrO2 and Al2O3 sample more than the other ones.
All results presented in this research are used to Module Educational in the material’s techniques and testing course in the faculty of industrial education. The results showed the effectiveness of the suggested powder metallurgy module in providing the students with the concepts and skills contained in this module.