الفهرس 
دراسة تحلٌلٌة للطرز المعمارٌي للعمارة اإلٌطالٌة فً القاهرةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Egypt witnessed during the thirteenth century AH / nineteenth century AD the presence of a
large number of European communities, due to their enjoyment of the foreign privileges
that Muhammad Ali Pasha gave to the Europeans who relied on them to develop
architecture in Cairo, so the country witnessed the migration of thousands of Europeans to it
seeking sustenance and permanent settlement. Architects from all over the world
introduced it.
The stability of large numbers of European communities in Egypt and their control over a
large part of the country's wealth and the tendency of these communities to apply trends,
ideas and architectural styles, and the tendency of a large number of them to invest their
money in establishing construction and contracting companies, all of this led to radical
changes in the personality of the European architect in Egypt, so it took the Italian
architecture in Cairo as a model.
The study of Italian architecture in Cairo, with its palaces, villas, buildings, chateaux, basilicas
and churches in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries AD in general, is a museum
with a great balance of unique creations and wonderful plastic abilities that collected many
styles and included the general features of European styles, which the Italian architects had
a share. Large of them, as the architectural and decorative elements that adorn the facades,
as dictated by his experiences and his interaction with the surrounding environment and
enters into his psychological composition.
In terms of the factors that make up his personality from political, religious and cultural
beliefs along with other customs, traditions, economic, environmental and natural
conditions of the city of Cairo from the climate and geography of the place, the result of this
was the multiplicity of styles and architectural and decorative elements on the facilities in
Cairo, which Italian architects exploited to fulfill the purpose for which they were found. It
can be said that the European School is the school that invaded the Egyptian Islamic
architecture in this period and dominated civil architecture completely during the reign of
Khedive Ismail, until architecture lost its identity in the context of the society in general
losing its Islamic identity and the trend towards Western systems in all fields.
Architecture in Europe was originally in this period in a state of confusion and instability
resulting in several architectural schools, each of which had its supporters.
This European school began to invade Cairo from the era of Muhammad Ali Pasha, but it was
confined to public buildings. Then these influences increased with the passage of time until
it became sovereign during the reign of Khedive Ismail.
In the architectural and urban sphere, the inherited Islamic formations and architectural
elements dominated the visual image of Cairo, despite some interventions on the part of the
French in the form of expanding and correcting some of the main roads and re-dividing
Cairo.
When Muhammad Ali Pasha assumed power, he was wise in inclination, he quotes from the
West what he deems necessary and useful for the sake of renaissance and strongly resists
other bad habits, so he imitated the members of the missions of European clothes and
European eating methods and fought the drinking of wine, as they did not come except for
communities and consuls of countries with special conditions and declarations.
And when the rulers subsequently expressed their desire to quote from the western
expatriate, the division in society appeared, thus the resistance of the inheritance weakened
and the intensity of the newcomer increased, so the change in the urban and architectural
structure of Cairo appeared, and that was by opening new, wide and straight streets and
expanding other existing streets in order to counter the incoming European influence.
Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, the movement of openness to the world
began to loom on the horizon, and after Muhammad Ali came to power in 1805 CE, Italian
communities flocked to Egypt, where Italy was one of the first European countries that
Muhammad Ali used in his civilizational and architectural renaissance in Egypt, especially in
the cities of Cairo. And Alexandria, because he saw that it had no political or colonial
ambitions in Egypt, and its first mission was in 1809 AD and the second was in 1813 AD to
Italy.
And European influences began to invade Egypt in the field of architecture and arts, and
with the delegations of European communities, especially the Italian community, which had
a head start in the architectural field in Egypt, European manifestations began to appear in
various forms and areas of modern Cairo.