الفهرس 
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Abstract
The Egyptian1Mamluk period was one of the most prominent eras in the history of Islamic art in Egypt. The study investigated a period extending from 1250 AD /648 AH up to 1517AD /923 AH and it was highly dynamic in art and architecture. It was distinguished by the magnificent archaeological works and artifacts preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art in Cairo and other museums in all countries that witness the great role played by the patrons of art and architecture along that historical period, which distinguished it from previous or later periods in Islamic history.
1- Reasons for Choosing the Research and its Importance:
Despite the abundance of references that dealt with the Mamluk era and its arts, the patrons of art and architecture in Mamluk Cairo were did not receive the same interest of researchers or traced in independent studies. In addition, the recent studies on this subject are brief and insufficient.
2- Importance of the Study :
The importance of the study lies in its clarification of the role and efforts of the patrons of art and architecture in Cairo in the Mamluk era. The study also sheds light on the foundational texts on the examples of the patrons’ architecture in Cairo due to the importance of such texts because they include the types of such institutions and the purposes for which the patrons designated them, whether civic, religious, personal or public. In addition, these foundational texts can be considered the actual record of the patrons’ names, titles and epithets for they include a great deal of information on their patrons and form a unique source of great significance as well.
3- Study Objectives :
The main objectives of the study are identified in the following:
1) Identifying the causes and motives of patronizing.
2) Clarifying the Mamluk categories that patronized art and architecture in Cairo.
3) Highlighting the efforts exerted by the Mamluk patrons in the field of art and architecture in Cairo.
4) Providing different examples of buildings and antiquities founded by those patrons in Cairo.
5) Shedding light on the decorations and aesthetic features of the Mamluk patrons’ portable antiquities in Cairo.
6) Defining the titles of the patrons included in the foundation and renovation texts of their buildings in Cairo and their implications.
4- Research Methodology :
The research relies on the analytical descriptive methodology, which depends on the scientific analytical method for all information contained in the various historical sources on the history of Mamluk patrons of art and architecture in Cairo based on the analytical descriptive methodology, the researcher described and analyzed examples of Mamluk architecture and artifacts in Cairo.
The study dealt with the most prominent patrons of art and architecture in Cairo in the Mamluk era, their buildings and their relevant aspects to the study subject, so, this study was divided into an introduction, a preface, three chapters and a conclusion, as follows:
Preface: It included the importance of the subject, the reasons for its choice along with the objectives of the study. It dealt also with the difficulties faced by the researcher, in addition to the most important sources and references relied on by the researcher.
Introduction: It introduced the reader to the Mamluk state, the motives of the Mamluk patronage of art and architecture, and the concept of this patronage, as well as the forms buildings patronized by the Mamluks in Cairo.
Chapter I: focused the most important works undertaken by the Mamluk patrons in Cairo in patronizing architecture. It began with the each sultan apart, and then the patronage of amirs, the most important patrons of amirs and the conditions of this patronage. It also shed light on the most prominent patrons of architecture of women and the buildings they patronized in Cairo, and finally the most important buildings of other classes.
Chapter II: dealt with the foundational texts on examples of the buildings of Mamluk patrons in Cairo. These examples included the architecture of the sultans, amirs, women and others. It included an analytical study of the scripts used in these texts and an analytical study of the most important titles and epithets of the Mamluk patrons of art and architecture in Cairo.
Chapter III: stated some of the artifacts of art patrons in Cairo of those preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art or a number of world museums as well as the role played by the Mamluk patrons in such patronage.
5- The results:
the study reached a number of results as:
1- The Mamluk patronage of art and architecture in Cairo was so magnificent and they spared no efforts to bring about great progress in both fields. The patrons brought in the talented builders, craftsmen, and architects and showed favor to them with money and prestige.
2- The Mamluk patronage of art and architecture in Cairo was the outcome of many political and religious conditions witnessed by Egypt during this period. The political and religious motives included the Mamluks’ origins that were illegal and did not qualify them to sit on the throne. Hence, they wanted to take religion as a cover for these facts to become closer to the people.
3- The emirs shared the Mamluk sultans in the patronage of art and architecture as they contributed with so many artifacts that can be found in the museums of antiquities around the world..
4- Women contributed to the patronage of art and architecture in Mamluk Cairo due to the high position they enjoyed in the Mamluk era.
5- Patronizing art and architecture in Mamluk Cairo was not limited to sultans, emirs and women but it also included other Categories of the Egyptian society who had great artistic and architectural efforts. This resulted in many buildings, mosques, khanqahs, zawiyas, ribats and other facilities as well as other masterpieces that can be found at the world’s museums. These groups included judges, elders, senior merchants and other Egyptians.
6- The study examined the foundational and restoration texts on some examples of the buildings of Mamluk patrons in Cairo. The study showed the most important titles of these patrons as mentioned in the said texts in Cairo and the indications of these titles and epithets. The researcher dealt with the origins of Kufic, Naskh and Thuluth scripts.
7- The interest of art patrons in producing artifacts was great. The artistic masterpieces dominated the products of this style of various materials.
6- The recommendations:
The researcher concluded many recommendations such as:
1. Making some short documentaries dealing with the life of the patrons and a panorama of the most important details of the monument to be displayed within their archaeological facilities and museums.
2. Issuing some booklets that highlight the role of patrons of art and architecture in Mamluk Cairo under the supervision of the professors of archeology colleges and tourist guidance sections to be distributed to tourism companies and tourists.
3. Developing a propaganda plan to highlight the features, architecture and monuments of the Mamluks in Cairo and directing the attention of tourism companies to the importance of including them in their tourism programs.
4. Due to the concentration of most Islamic monuments in general and the Mamluks in particular in some areas of Islamic Cairo such as (al-Khalifa Street - al-Mu’izz Street – al-Salibah Street – the Citadel - Mamluks Cemetery), it is crucial to make a panorama for these streets and conserving them to be tourist attractions both at the internal and foreign levels. This will help reviving religious and cultural tourism by developing programs to visit these places.
5. Propagating for the Mamluk monuments of Cairo in various countries of the world, especially the Arab countries for they share the Arabic and Islamic nationalism, so tourism promotion in these countries will attract this category of tourists to see them on the ground.