الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION & RESEAECH DESIGNOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Climate change exerts a noticeable effect on the environment and humanity causing extreme climate phenomena such as droughts, floods, sea level rise and Urban Heat Islands (UHI). UHI is a climate change phenomenon that lefts the city center of any urban area at a higher temperature than its surrounding rural and suburban areas. High energy demand, human discomfort, poor air quality are the main consequences of this phenomenon. Hence, alleviating the Urban Heat Island effect is a persistent need in order to lessen its serious consequences and it would take place through studying the causes of the phenomenon and its correlation with the urban context. UHI influences the urbanization on multi urban scales and through different air layers; these urban scales are Meso-scale UHI which is affected by the urban morphology fabric, local-scale UHI that deals with the urban morphology parameters, and the micro-scale UHI that is influenced by the urban morphology materials. As a result, the objective of this work is to investigate the correlation between air temperature variations and urban morphology fabrics, parameters and materials. Based on utilizing different methods in measuring the UHI, remote sensing, field measurements, and thermal camera imaging were used in this research as tools to investigate the correlation between UHI and urban morphology on four case-study of the residential areas in Greater Cairo region. Geographical information system was applied to detect the Urban Heat Island spatial and temporal distribution, through satellite image analysis to correlate the UHI existence to the urban morphology fabric at the mesoscale. In addition, field measurements were carried out to record the air temperature at four points within one-kilometer square traverse in each case study (local scale). Thermal imaging camera was used to retrieve the surface temperature of each study area at the microscale to investigate the effect of the urban morphology materials on the thermal behavior of the urban envelope. The research concluded that UHI is highly correlated with the compact high-rise urban fabric and the results figured out that the spatial differences of the mean air temperature were significantly correlated with the urban morphology parameters such as building heights and street orientation. . In the end, the research suggested mitigation strategies through urban planning, urban design, and architecture scale to be considered while planning the new cities or renewing the old one.