الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used drugs to treat various human malignancies and highly effective. Despite its effectiveness, the use of cisplatin in high-dose therapy has been reported to be limited by renal and cardiac toxicities. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate whether Amlodipine and Lycopene could ameliorate the Cisplatin induced renal and cardiac toxicity in rats.The experiment was conducted with 80 male albino rats and divided randomly into 8 equal groups of 10 rats of each one.group 1: Rats which served as Control group were injected (IP) saline once.group 2: Rats in this group were served as Saline group and were administrated orally 1 mL saline once daily for 20 days.
group 3: Rats in this group were served as Corn Oil group and were administrated orally 1 mL Corn Oil once daily for 20 days.group 4: Rats in this group were served as Amlodipine group and were administrated orally (5 mg/kg b.wt) Amlodipine once daily for 20 days.
group 5: Rats in this group were served as Lycopene group and were administrated orally (10 mg/kg b.wt) Lycopene once daily for 20 days.group 6: Rats in this group were served as Cisplatin treated group which was injected (IP) (6 mg/kg b.wt.), once at day 10. group 7: Rats in this group were served as Amlodipene and Cisplatin group and were administrated orally (5 mg/kg b.wt) Amlodipine once daily for 20 days and Cisplatin was injected (IP) (6 mg/kg b.wt.), once at day 10.group 8: Rats in this group were served as Lycopene and Cisplatin group and were administrated orally (10 mg/kg b.wt) Lycopene once daily for 20 days and cisplatin was injected (IP) (6 mg/kg b.wt.), once at day 10.The experiment was continued for 20 days, during which rats in all groups were observed daily. Blood and tissue samples were collected twice at day 15 and day 20. Serum obtained by blood collection in clean dry centrifuge tube. The serum was kept at -20 °C till used in the evaluation of biochemical studies. Blood received on disodium EDTA 10% solution (20 μl/ml blood) was used for hematological studies. Tissue samples (heart and kidney) were collected after 20 days of the experiment and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological studies.Serum biochemical parameters included kidney biomarkers (creatinine and urea) and electrolytes (Na and K), cardiac biomarkers (CKMB), antioxidant biomarkers (MDA, GSH and TAC), hematological biomarkers (HB, RBCs and WBCs). Furthermore specimen kidney and heart tissues were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical (caspase-3) examination.The results obtained in this study could be summarized as follows:Concerning to biochemical parameters results, rats administrated Cisplatin showed significant increase in serum Urea and creatinine concentrations and significant decrease in serum Na concentration when compared to control group. Moreover, serum K concentration and serum CKMB activity showed non-significant increase in Cisplatin group when compared to control group. On the other hand, Amlodipine and Cisplatin or Lycopene and Cisplatin groups showed significant decrease in urea and creatinine concentrations and significant increase in Na concentration when compared to Cisplatin group.Regarding to the results of oxidative stress, the rats administrated Cisplatin showed significant elevation in MDA concentration and significant decrease in TAC and GSH concentration when compared to control group. Whereas in Amlodipine and Cisplatin or Lycopene and Cisplatin groups significant decrease in MDA concentration and significant increase in TAC and GSH concentration were observed when compared to Cisplatin group.Concerning the hematological parameters Cisplatin treated group exhibited significant decrease in Hb concentration, RBCs count and WBCs count when compared to control group, while in Amlodipine and Cisplatin or Lycopene and Cisplatin groups, Hb concentration, RBCs count and WBCs count showed significant increase when compared to Cisplatin group.Regarding immunohistochemical examination, administration of cisplatin significantly increased caspase-3 expression, while treatment with Amlodipine or Lycopene (for 15 or 20 days) showed significant decrease in caspase-3 expression.