الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was toassess the dysplastic changes and determine the potential of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus using transmission electron microscope and to evaluate immunohistochemical expression of (p16) and (MCM3) in oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus. Patients and Methods: A total of thirty subjects were included in the study with an age ranged from thirty to sixty years. The selected subjects were divided into three groups. group 1 included 10 cases of oral leukoplakia. group 2 included 10 cases of erosive oral lichen planus. group 3 included 10 normal mucosa from patients undergoing minor oral surgery. Clinical assessment was performed to all patients. Biopsy was taken from all cases for confirmation of diagnosis. Then histopathological assessment of dysplastic changes was performed. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis and electron microscopic assessment were performed. Results: The electron microscopic results had confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of the tissue samples of oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus and has revealed a series of ultrastructural details that indicate the tendency for malignant transformation, and reveal characteristic features of tumor development. Immunohistochemical expression of P16 and MCM3 were significantly higher in oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus compared to normal oral mucosa and the quantity of immunostained cells increased as the degree of dysplasia increased. Conclusions: The electron microscopic study of oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus showed increased prevalence of important ultrastructural changes specific to tumor cells, thus confirming their severity and their major potential to turn into malignant lesions. Immunohistochemical expression of P16 and MCM3 may suggest that some oral leukoplakia and erosive oral lichen planus lesions have a malignant potential and should be carefully followed up.