الفهرس 
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Abstract
Metaphor was traditionally seen as a figure of speech and decorative device employed in literary works. With the advent of Cognitive Linguistics, the metaphor started to be studied as a cognitive tool, shaping our thought, language, and action (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Kövecses, 2010). They assert that metaphors are pervasive in daily communication and used by native speakers to express abstract concepts such as emotions. The emotions under investigation are happiness, love, sadness, anger, and fear. The present study aims at investigating and comparing how metaphorical expressions of these five emotions are employed in two unrelated dialects: American English and Colloquial Cairene Arabic. Moreover, the expressions are taken from corpora. The study is conducted through two basic phases of comparison. At the first phase, the expressions are categorized under their source and target domains. At the second phase, they are compared according to their conceptual metaphors and literal meanings. Then three patterns are identified in this phase: totally the same, partially the same, and totally different. The findings of the comparative analysis show that American English and Colloquial Cairene Arabic share many metaphorical expressions of these emotions that are based on common bodily experiences such as HAPPINESS IS UP, SADNESS IS DOWN, ANGER IS A FLUID IN A CONTAINER, etc. Consequently, the dominant pattern is the pattern of “totally the same”. The similarities can be attributed to the universality of cognitive metaphors. However, there are some differences observed and attributed to cultural differences.
1.1. Statement of the Study
This thesis explores metaphorical expressions of positive and negative emotions in American English (henceforth AE) and Colloquial Cairene Arabic (henceforth CCA) using the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (henceforth CMT) as the theoretical framework for linguistic analysis. The title of this thesis reflects the three aspects of research integrated into the study. The first aspect refers to the subject matter of the analysis, i.e., the metaphorical expressions of emotions in both dialects. The second aspect is the appropriateness of the CMT for tackled research. The CMT shows a cognitive approach to metaphor first introduced by Lakoff and Johnson in their influential work Metaphors we Live by (1980). The third aspect concerns the cross-linguistic significance of the study, as the study contrasts conceptual metaphors (henceforth CMs) of emotion in two unrelated dialects, i.e., AE and CCA.
1.2. Objectives of the Study
The study is confined to fulfill the following objectives:
- To provide a collection of AE and CCA denoting emotions in terms of happiness, sadness, love, anger, and fear.
- To analyze the use of CM in AE and CCA, concentrating on metaphorical expressions of emotions in terms of happiness, sadness, love, anger, and fear.
- To discover the similarities and differences in using CMs of emotions in AE and CCA.
- To suggest some ideas for learning and teaching metaphorical expressions.
1.3. Research Questions
This study aims at contrasting CMs of emotion used in AE and CCA
using the framework of the CMT. The following questions are addressed:
1. How are emotions conceptualized in AE and CCA?
2. Which CMs of emotion are shared by AE and CCA?
3. Which CMs of emotion are specific to English or to CCA?
4. What are the similarities and differences between AE and CCA
metaphorical expressions denoting emotions in terms of happiness, love, sadness, anger,
and fear through CM?
5. What are the cognitive functions of AE and CCA metaphorical expressions denoting
emotions in terms of happiness, sadness, love, anger, and fear
1.4. Structure of the Thesis
This study is divided into six chapters:
Chapter 1 “Introduction” provides an overview of the study. It includes the statement, objectives, the research questions of the study, and structure of the thesis.
Chapter 2 “Literature Review” presents how the metaphorical language is conceptualized, the role of this metaphorical language in describing emotions, and also the previous cross-cultural studies that deal with the use of metaphorical language in daily interactions within many languages; English and other languages such as Arabic, Thai, Chinese, Persian, and Spanish. Lastly, giving a strong statement of the importance of this study.
Chapter 3 “Theoretical Framework” introduces central notions of cognitive linguistics, the central ideas of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), classification of CMs, cognitive features of metaphor. In addition, the role of culture in conceptualizing metaphor and metaphorical language of emotion are presented.
Chapter 4 “Analysis Procedures” provides a detailed explanation of the methodology, the design of the research, data collection, and data analysis. As the current study is a corpus-based study of cognitive metaphors of emotion, a general introduction of corpus linguistics and its applications in metaphor study are also illustrated in this chapter.
Chapter 5 “Analysis and Findings” presents a categorization of major source domains (henceforth SDs) for metaphors of five emotions, and analyzes metaphors of these emotions in AE and CCA on the background of cognitive theory illustrating the similarities and differences between both dialects. This descriptive chapter is ended with some conclusions regarding the categorization of the metaphoric SDs in the emotion language corpus.
Chapter 6 “Conclusion” involves a summary of the study that is derived from the analysis carried out in the previous chapter. Besides, it summarizes the answers to the questions raised at the beginning of the thesis. Then, some implications that can be beneficial and useful for future research in the field are introduced.