الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study compared the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of
conventional radiography, digital radiography and CBCT in detection
of intracanal fractured endodontic instruments. Human extracted teeth with
total number of 80 canals were cleaned and shaped using NiTi rotary files.
Forty files size 25 taper 0.06 were weakened by making a notch on each file
at 3 mm from the tip. Samples were randomly divided into 4 equal groups
and prepared as follows: Non fractured/ non filled (the control group); canals
were only cleaned and shaped without receiving fillings nor fractured files,
Fracture /non filled group ; cleaning and shaping was done, then each pre
weakened file #25 taper 0.06 % was inserted into the canal through the apical
foramen and twisted to induce intra canal instrument separation, non-fracture
/filled group; after cleaning and shaping, obturation was done by cold lateral
compaction technique, fracture/filled group; after finishing cleaning and
shaping, same procedure of intracanal instrument separation was done, then
canals were filled by cold lateral compaction to the level of the separated
instrument after removal of 3 mm of the Gutta percha cone.
Teeth were mounted in a human dry mandible covered by utility wax.
Conventional and digital radiographs were obtained using paralleling
technique. CBCT scans were obtained with 5*5 FOV and spatial resolution
0.085 mm. All images were evaluated by 3 experienced observers for the
presence or absence of fractured files on a 5-point scale. The sensitivity,
specificity and accuracy were calculated.
Our results showed that in the absence of filling material, CBCT had the
highest diagnostic accuracy followed by semi direct digital radiography while
conventional radiography had the least accuracy. CBCT and semidirect digital
radiography had the same sensitivity and specificity values while conventional
Summary and conclusion
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radiography had the least sensitivity and the least specificity values and there were
no statistical differences among the three imaging modalities.
In the presence of the filling material, for filled canals, semi direct digital
radiography had the highest diagnostic accuracy followed by conventional
radiography while CBCT had the least accuracy. Semi direct digital
radiography had the highest sensitivity value followed by conventional
radiography while CBCT had the least sensitivity value. CBCT had the
highest specificity value followed by semi direct digital and conventional
radiography had the least specificity value. There was a significant difference
between CBCT and semi direct digital radiography. There was a significant
difference between CBCT and conventional radiography. While no
significant difference between semi direct digital radiography and
conventional